Sajedi Firoozeh, Ahmadi Doulabi Mahbobeh, Vameghi Roshanak, Mazaheri Mohammad Ali, Akbarzadehbaghban Alireza
Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
PhD Candidate of Pediatric Neurorehabilitation research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Child Neurol. 2016 Summer;10(3):61-72.
Given the importance of children's development and the role of psychological status of mothers in this regard, this study investigated the relationship of mothers' psychological status (stress, anxiety and depression) with the development of children aged 36-60 months.
MATERIALS & METHODS: This descriptive study was performed on 1036 mothers and their children, aged 36 to 60 months, in different kindergartens in Tehran City, Iran, in 2014-2015. Participants were selected through multi-stage random sampling. The following instruments were used in this study: A demographic and obstetric specification questionnaire, children specification questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, Spiel Berger Test, Perceived stress questionnaire and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to determine the status of the children's development. Data were analyzed using SPSS20 software, Mann-Whitney; independent t-test and logistic-Regression model were used.
The prevalence of developmental delay in children aged 36-60 months was 16.2%. The independent t-test showed a relationship between maternal stress and developmental delay in children. The Mann-Whitney test revealed a significant relation between mothers' depression level and developmental delay in their children. There was a significant relation between trait anxiety and developmental delay in children. Moreover, a significant relation was found between maternal stress and developmental delay in fine motor skills. The logistic regression model showed a significant relationship of child gender, economic and social states with developmental delay.
This study showed mothers' psychological status probably is an effective factor in developmental delay. The assessment of mothers' psychological status is suggested for early interventions.
鉴于儿童发育的重要性以及母亲心理状态在这方面的作用，本研究调查了36至60个月大儿童的母亲心理状态（压力、焦虑和抑郁）与儿童发育之间的关系。
2014 - 2015年，在伊朗德黑兰市不同幼儿园对1036名母亲及其36至60个月大的孩子进行了这项描述性研究。参与者通过多阶段随机抽样选取。本研究使用了以下工具：一份人口统计学和产科情况调查问卷、儿童情况调查问卷、贝克抑郁量表、斯皮尔伯格测试、感知压力问卷以及年龄与发育阶段问卷以确定儿童的发育状况。数据使用SPSS20软件进行分析，采用曼 - 惠特尼检验、独立t检验和逻辑回归模型。
36至60个月大儿童发育迟缓的患病率为16.2%。独立t检验显示母亲压力与儿童发育迟缓之间存在关联。曼 - 惠特尼检验揭示母亲抑郁水平与孩子发育迟缓之间存在显著关系。特质焦虑与儿童发育迟缓之间存在显著关系。此外，母亲压力与精细运动技能发育迟缓之间存在显著关系。逻辑回归模型显示儿童性别、经济和社会状况与发育迟缓之间存在显著关系。
本研究表明母亲的心理状态可能是发育迟缓的一个影响因素。建议对母亲的心理状态进行评估以便早期干预。
