Aoi Takashi
Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Department of iPS cell Applications, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Sep;64(9):517-23. doi: 10.1007/s11748-016-0682-8. Epub 2016 Jul 4.
At present, most cases of unresectable cancer cannot be cured. Genetic mutations, EMT, and cancer stem cells are three major issues linked to poor prognosis in such cases, all connected by inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. Issues on inter-/intra-tumor heterogeneity of genetic mutation could be resolved with recent and future technologies of deep sequencers, whereas, regarding such issues as the "same genome, different epigenome/phenotype", we expect to solve many of these problems in the future through further research in stem cell biology. We herein review and discuss the three major issues in the biology of cancers, especially from the standpoint of stem cell biology.
目前，大多数无法切除的癌症病例无法治愈。基因突变、上皮-间质转化（EMT）和癌症干细胞是这类病例中与预后不良相关的三个主要问题，它们都与肿瘤间和肿瘤内的异质性有关。基因突变的肿瘤间/肿瘤内异质性问题可通过近期和未来的深度测序技术解决，而对于“相同基因组，不同表观基因组/表型”等问题，我们期望通过干细胞生物学的进一步研究在未来解决其中许多问题。我们在此回顾并讨论癌症生物学中的三个主要问题，特别是从干细胞生物学的角度。
