5-Hydroxytryptamine G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Family Genes: Key Players in Cancer Prognosis, Immune Regulation, and Therapeutic Response.

BACKGROUND

Firstly, 5-hydroxytryptamine G-protein-coupled receptors () are a family of 13 genes associated with cancer progression. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of in cancer remains largely lacking.

METHOD

We tested the gene expression levels and prognostic values for the in relation to pan-cancer. A subsequent analysis examined the relationships among expression and clinical characteristics, immune subtypes, stemness scores, tumor microenvironments (TMEs), single-cell analyses, and drug sensitivity.

RESULT

A significant difference in expression was found between normal tissues and tumors. expressed higher levels in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), colon adenocarcinoma, and liver hepatocellular carcinoma. gene expression was correlated with prognosis in many cancers. were associated with poorer overall survival for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, expression correlated significantly with the stemness scores of RNA and DNA, TMB, and MSI, as well as stromal and immune scores of pan-cancer patients. Additionally, the expression of was correlated significantly with immune cells and immune checkpoint genes in a variety of cancers, such as BRCA, brain lower-grade glioma, and lung adenocarcinoma. Immune regulation and TME were both regulated by . Using single-cell analysis, we found that the gene set of correlated with many cancer-related functional states in retinoblastoma. Moreover, drug sensitivity and were significantly correlated. Furthermore, we validated results in breast cancer and found knockdown of inhibited breast cancer cell growth and metastasis.

CONCLUSION

As prognostic indicators, hold considerable promise and offer insights into the therapeutic targets for malignancy.