United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Nov 1;569-570:880-887. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.085. Epub 2016 Jul 2.
Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is widely used in residential and agricultural settings to control ants, roaches, termites, and other pests. Fipronil and its transformation products have been found in a variety of environmental matrices, but the source[s] which makes the greatest contribution to fipronil in surface water has yet to be determined. A sampling effort designed to prioritize known fipronil inputs (golf courses, residential areas, biosolids application sites and wastewater facilities) was conducted in North Carolina to learn more about the origins of fipronil in surface water. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis indicated that fipronil and its known derivatives were routinely present in all samples, but concentrations were substantially elevated near wastewater treatment plant outfalls (range 10-500ng/L combined), suggesting that they predominate as environmental sources. Corresponding recycled wastewater samples, which were treated with NaOCl for disinfection, showed disappearance of fipronil and all known degradates. HRMS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis techniques were used to determine that all fipronil-related compounds are oxidized to a previously unidentified fipronil sulfone chloramine species in recycled wastewater. The implications of the presence of a new fipronil-related compound in recycled wastewater need to be considered.
氟虫腈是一种苯吡唑类杀虫剂，广泛用于住宅和农业环境中，以控制蚂蚁、蟑螂、白蚁和其他害虫。氟虫腈及其转化产物已在各种环境基质中被发现，但尚未确定对地表水氟虫腈贡献最大的来源。为了更多地了解地表水氟虫腈的来源，在北卡罗来纳州进行了一项旨在优先考虑已知氟虫腈投入（高尔夫球场、居民区、生物固体应用场地和废水处理设施）的采样工作。高分辨率质谱（HRMS）分析表明，氟虫腈及其已知衍生物通常存在于所有样品中，但在废水处理厂出水口附近的浓度明显升高（合计 10-500ng/L），表明它们是主要的环境来源。经次氯酸钠消毒处理的相应再生废水样品显示氟虫腈及其所有已知降解产物消失。HRMS 和核磁共振（NMR）分析技术用于确定所有与氟虫腈相关的化合物在再生废水中均被氧化为一种以前未识别的氟虫腈砜氯胺物质。需要考虑在再生废水中存在新的与氟虫腈相关的化合物的影响。
