达瓦尔地区奶牛的牛乳腺炎流行病学
Epidemiology of Bovine Mastitis in Cows of Dharwad District.
作者信息
Kurjogi Mahantesh M, Kaliwal Basappa B
机构信息
P. G. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India.
出版信息
Int Sch Res Notices. 2014 Oct 29;2014:968076. doi: 10.1155/2014/968076. eCollection 2014.
Bovine mastitis is very common in cows of both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis (SCM) varies from region to region. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of mastitis using three diagnostic tests by considering different risk factors like age, lactation, breed, season, quarters, and herd. The results showed that surf field mastitis test (SFMT) is the most sensitive test for diagnosis of bovine mastitis, the older age and cows with later part of lactation period were more prone to bovine mastitis, and exotic breeds like Holstein freshen (HF) were more susceptible to bovine mastitis. The highest incidence of mastitis was recorded in monsoon season. The prevalence of subclinical and clinical mastitis was more in single and two quarters, respectively, and the rate of bovine mastitis was more in unorganized herds. The study concluded that SCM is directly associated with age, lactation period, and environmental factors of the cow and clinical mastitis is more associated with breed of the cow and environmental conditions.
牛乳腺炎在发达国家和发展中国家的奶牛中都非常常见。临床乳腺炎和亚临床乳腺炎（SCM）的患病率因地区而异。因此，本研究通过考虑年龄、泌乳期、品种、季节、乳腺象限和牛群等不同风险因素，采用三种诊断测试来确定乳腺炎的患病率。结果表明，表面场乳腺炎检测（SFMT）是诊断牛乳腺炎最敏感的检测方法，年龄较大以及处于泌乳后期的奶牛更容易患牛乳腺炎，像荷斯坦弗里生牛（HF）这样的外来品种更容易感染牛乳腺炎。在季风季节记录到的乳腺炎发病率最高。亚临床乳腺炎和临床乳腺炎的患病率分别在单个和两个乳腺象限中更高，而且在无组织的牛群中牛乳腺炎的发生率更高。该研究得出结论，亚临床乳腺炎与奶牛的年龄、泌乳期和环境因素直接相关，而临床乳腺炎则更多地与奶牛品种和环境条件相关。
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