van Os E C C, Kalverboer M E, Zijlstra A E, Post W J, Knorth E J
Study Centre for Children, Migration and Law, Department of Special Needs Education and Youth Care, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9712 TJ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Special Needs Education and Youth Care, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2016 Sep;19(3):185-203. doi: 10.1007/s10567-016-0209-y.
Decision-making regarding an asylum request of a minor requires decision-makers to determine the best interests of the child when the minor is relatively unknown. This article presents a systematic review of the existing knowledge of the situation of recently arrived refugee children in the host country. This research is based on the General Comment No. 14 of UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. It shows the importance of knowing the type and number of stressful life events a refugee child has experienced before arrival, as well as the duration and severity of these events. The most common mental health problems children face upon arrival in the host country are PTSD, depression and various anxiety disorders. The results identify the relevant elements of the best interests of the child assessment, including implications for procedural safeguards, which should promote a child rights-based decision in the asylum procedure.
在未成年人的庇护申请决策方面，当该未成年人情况相对不明时，决策者需要确定其最大利益。本文对东道国新抵达的难民儿童状况的现有知识进行了系统综述。这项研究基于联合国儿童权利委员会第14号一般性意见。研究表明，了解难民儿童在抵达前经历的压力性生活事件的类型和数量，以及这些事件的持续时间和严重程度非常重要。儿童抵达东道国后面临的最常见心理健康问题是创伤后应激障碍、抑郁症和各种焦虑症。研究结果确定了儿童最大利益评估的相关要素，包括对程序保障的影响，这些要素应推动在庇护程序中基于儿童权利做出决策。
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