Center for Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University Bremen, Grazer Str. 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany,
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Jun;23(6):373-91. doi: 10.1007/s00787-013-0485-8. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
Based on findings of Stevens and Vollebergh [69], who analyzed cross-cultural topics, this review considers the current prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems of native children and adolescents in comparison with children with a migration background in European countries. 36 studies published from 2007 up to 2013 chosen from a systematic literature research were included and analyzed in their perspective design in detail. Previous studies showed great differences in their results: Especially in Germany, many studies compare the heterogeneous group of immigrant children with native children to analyze an ethnic minority or migration process effect. Only a British and Turkish study demonstrates the selection effect in migration. Most Dutch or British studies examined different ethnic groups, e.g. Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese, Pakistani, Indian or Black migrant children and adolescents. Migrant childhood in Europe could be declared a risk in increasing internalizing problem behavior while the prevalent rate in externalizing problem behavior was comparable between native and migrant children. A migration status itself can often be postulated as a risk factor for children's mental condition, in particular migration in first generation. Furthermore, several major influence factors in migrant children's mental health could be pointed out, such as a low socio-economic status, a Non-European origin, an uncertain cultural identity of the parents, maternal harsh parenting or inadequate parental occupation, a minority status, the younger age, gender effects or a specific culture declaration in diseases.
基于史蒂文斯和沃勒伯格的研究结果[69]，他们分析了跨文化主题，本综述考虑了当前欧洲国家本地儿童和青少年与具有移民背景的儿童的情绪和行为问题的流行情况。从系统文献研究中选择了 2007 年至 2013 年期间发表的 36 项研究，并详细分析了其前瞻性设计。先前的研究结果存在很大差异：特别是在德国，许多研究将移民儿童这个异质群体与本地儿童进行比较，以分析少数民族或移民过程的影响。只有一项英国和土耳其的研究证明了移民中的选择效应。大多数荷兰或英国的研究都检查了不同的族裔群体，例如土耳其人、摩洛哥人、苏里南人、巴基斯坦人、印度人或黑人移民儿童和青少年。欧洲的移民童年时期可能被宣布为增加内化问题行为的风险，而外部化问题行为的流行率在本地和移民儿童之间相当。移民身份本身通常可以被假定为儿童心理健康的一个风险因素，特别是第一代移民。此外，还可以指出移民儿童心理健康的几个主要影响因素，例如社会经济地位低、非欧洲血统、父母文化认同不确定、母亲严厉育儿或父母职业不适当、少数群体地位、年龄较小、性别影响或疾病的特定文化声明。
