Hołda Mateusz K, Koziej Mateusz, Hołda Jakub, Piątek Katarzyna, Tyrak Kamil, Chołopiak Weronika, Bolechała Filip, Walocha Jerzy A, Klimek-Piotrowska Wiesława
Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Int J Cardiol. 2016 Oct 1;220:337-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.141. Epub 2016 Jun 28.
The atrial septal pouch (SP) is a new anatomical entity within the interatrial septum. The left-sided SP may be the source of thrombus and contribute to ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed morphometric description of the SP.
Two hundred autopsied hearts (23% deriving from females) with a mean age of 46.7±19.1years were investigated. We assessed the morphology of the interatrial septum. We obtained measurements and casts of the SPs, and we conducted histological staining of the left-sided SPs.
Patent foramen ovale was observed in 25% of hearts. We found a left SP in 41.5%, right in 5.5% and a double SP in 5.5% of hearts. We found the patent foramen ovale (PFO) more often in younger hearts, and the SP and smooth septum were more prevalently found in older hearts (p=.0023). The mean volume of the left-sided SP was 0.31±0.11ml, which represented 13.6±9.4% (range: 3.1-44.9%) of the left atrial appendage volume. The SP shape resembled a cone or a cylinder with some smaller diverticula originating from the main body. The SP free wall was composed of two layers of endocardium, transverse muscle fibers and connective tissue.
A left-sided SP was present in 47% of individuals. The SP arises as a result of PFO channel closure. The anatomy of left-sided SP may promote blood stasis and thrombus formation. The universal formula for SP volume was calculated.
房间隔袋（SP）是房间隔内一个新的解剖学结构。左侧房间隔袋可能是血栓的来源，并导致缺血性中风。本研究的目的是提供房间隔袋的详细形态学描述。
研究了200例尸检心脏（23%来自女性），平均年龄为46.7±19.1岁。我们评估了房间隔的形态。我们获取了房间隔袋的测量数据并制作了铸型，还对左侧房间隔袋进行了组织学染色。
25%的心脏观察到卵圆孔未闭。我们发现41.5%的心脏有左侧房间隔袋，5.5%有右侧房间隔袋，5.5%有双侧房间隔袋。我们发现卵圆孔未闭（PFO）在较年轻的心脏中更常见，而房间隔袋和平滑间隔在较年长的心脏中更常见（p = 0.0023）。左侧房间隔袋的平均体积为0.31±0.11ml，占左心耳体积的13.6±9.4%（范围：3.1 - 44.9%）。房间隔袋的形状类似于圆锥体或圆柱体，主体有一些较小的憩室。房间隔袋的游离壁由两层心内膜、横肌纤维和结缔组织组成。
47%的个体存在左侧房间隔袋。房间隔袋是卵圆孔通道闭合的结果。左侧房间隔袋的解剖结构可能促进血液淤滞和血栓形成。计算出了房间隔袋体积的通用公式。
