Eaves Baxter S, Shafto Patrick
Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Rutgers University of Newark, Smith Hall, Room 216, 101 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2017 Apr;24(2):277-306. doi: 10.3758/s13423-016-1082-x.
Children rely on others for much of what they learn, and therefore must track who to trust for information. Researchers have debated whether to interpret children's behavior as inferences about informants' knowledgeability only or as inferences about both knowledgeability and intent. We introduce a novel framework for integrating results across heterogeneous ages and methods. The framework allows application of a recent computational model to a set of results that span ages 8 months to adulthood and a variety of methods. The results show strong fits to specific findings in the literature trust, and correctly fails to fit one representative result from an adjacent literature. In the aggregate, the results show a clear development in children's reasoning about informants' intent and no appreciable changes in reasoning about informants' knowledgeability, confirming previous results. The results extend previous findings by modeling development over a much wider age range and identifying and explaining differences across methods.
儿童所学的很多东西都依赖于他人，因此他们必须弄清楚该信任谁来获取信息。研究人员一直在争论，是应该将儿童的行为仅仅解释为对信息提供者知识水平的推断，还是对知识水平和意图两者的推断。我们引入了一个新颖的框架，用于整合来自不同年龄和方法的结果。该框架允许将最近的一个计算模型应用于一系列涵盖8个月大到成年的结果以及各种方法。结果表明该模型与文献中关于信任的特定发现高度契合，并且正确地未能与相邻文献中的一个代表性结果相契合。总体而言，结果显示儿童在推断信息提供者意图方面有明显发展，而在推断信息提供者知识水平方面没有明显变化，这证实了先前的结果。这些结果通过在更广泛的年龄范围内对发展进行建模，并识别和解释不同方法之间的差异，扩展了先前的发现。
