泰国曼谷青少年的初潮年龄与操作智商：一项横断面研究。
Age at menarche and performance intelligence quotients of adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Noipayak Pongsak, Rawdaree Petch, Supawattanabodee Busaba, Manusirivitthaya Sumonmal
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Navamindradhiraj University, Vajira Hospital, Samsean Road, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
Department of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2016 Jul 11;16:87. doi: 10.1186/s12887-016-0624-8.
BACKGROUND
The presence of an association between age at the onset of puberty and intelligence quotient (IQ) in young adolescents remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the association between age at menarche and performance IQ scores of young female adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 537 students aged 11-15 years attending primary and secondary schools in the Dusit district of Bangkok, Thailand. The participants were selected based on two-step stratified sampling. Age at menarche and health and socioeconomic status were determined using a self-report questionnaire completed by participants. Performance IQ scores were determined using the Standard Progressive Matrices intelligence test (Thai version) administered by registered clinical psychologists.
RESULTS
Of the 537 participants, 0.4 had reached menarche at 8 years of age, 1.9 at 9 years, 10.1 at 10 years, 36.1 at 11 years, 37.6 at 12 years, 10.4 at 13 years, 3.4 at 14 years, and 0.2 % at 15 years. Age at menarche was inversely correlated with performance IQ (Pearson correlation -0.087, p = 0.047). The regression equation predicting performance IQ by age at menarche was performance IQ = 128.06 - 1.16*age at menarche (R (2) = 0.008). In univariate analysis, performance IQ was inversely correlated with age at menarche, body mass index (BMI), time spent watching television, and time sleeping, but was directly correlated with maternal age at birth (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, age at menarche and BMI remained significantly inversely correlated with performance IQ (p < 0.05), while maternal age at birth was directly correlated with performance IQ. The model consisting of age at menarche, BMI, and maternal age at birth best predicted performance IQ.
CONCLUSION
After adjusting for confounders, multiple regression analysis showed that age at menarche and BMI of young female adolescents living in the Dusit district of Bangkok, Thailand, were inversely correlated with performance IQ, whereas maternal age at birth was directly correlated with performance IQ.
背景
青春期开始年龄与青少年智商（IQ）之间是否存在关联仍存在争议。本研究旨在探讨泰国曼谷年轻女性青少年月经初潮年龄与操作智商得分之间的关联。
方法
对泰国曼谷杜西地区537名11 - 15岁的中小学生进行了一项横断面研究。参与者通过两步分层抽样选取。月经初潮年龄以及健康和社会经济状况通过参与者填写的自我报告问卷确定。操作智商得分通过注册临床心理学家实施的标准渐进矩阵智力测试（泰语版）确定。
结果
在537名参与者中，0.4%在8岁时月经初潮，1.9%在9岁，10.1%在10岁，36.1%在11岁，37.6%在12岁，10.4%在13岁，3.4%在14岁，0.2%在15岁。月经初潮年龄与操作智商呈负相关（Pearson相关系数 -0.087，p = 0.047）。通过月经初潮年龄预测操作智商的回归方程为操作智商 = 128.06 - 1.16×月经初潮年龄（R² = 0.008）。在单因素分析中，操作智商与月经初潮年龄、体重指数（BMI）、看电视时间和睡眠时间呈负相关，但与母亲生育年龄呈正相关（所有p < 0.05）。在多因素分析中，月经初潮年龄和BMI与操作智商仍显著呈负相关（p < 0.05），而母亲生育年龄与操作智商呈正相关。由月经初潮年龄、BMI和母亲生育年龄组成的模型对操作智商的预测效果最佳。
结论
在对混杂因素进行调整后，多元回归分析表明，泰国曼谷杜西地区年轻女性青少年的月经初潮年龄和BMI与操作智商呈负相关，而母亲生育年龄与操作智商呈正相关。
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