Gargouri S, Fki Berrajah L, Ayadi I, Messedi E, Jallouli H, Hammami A, Karray-Hakim H
Laboratoire de microbiologie, Faculté de médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie, Laboratoire de microbiologie, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisie.
Laboratoire de criblage moléculaire et cellulaire, Centre de biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie.
Med Sante Trop. 2016 May 1;26(2):159-64. doi: 10.1684/mst.2015.0491.
to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HAV infection during three successive outbreaks occurring between 2007 and 2010 in the governorate of Sfax. epidemiological and clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed from the outbreak investigations. The diagnosis of acute hepatitis A was confirmed by ELISA detection of immunoglobulin M serum antibodies to HAV. 443 patients were identified and 159 of them investigated. Their mean age was 12.2 years and the M/F ratio was 0.9. The most affected age groups were 6-10 years (35%) and 11-15 years (33%). The most likely sources of contamination were drinking water from wells or tanks and direct transmission. The most frequent symptoms included asthenia, digestive disorders, and jaundice. Two cases of fulminant hepatitis were reported, one lethal. our results show that HAV endemicity in the governorate of Sfax has dropped from high to intermediate as demonstrated by the increasing age at primary HAV infection. Strengthening health education and improving access to drinking water would reduce the transmission risk of HAV in our regions.
描述2007年至2010年期间斯法克斯省连续三次甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）感染暴发的流行病学和临床特征。通过疫情调查对流行病学和临床特征进行回顾性分析。急性甲型肝炎的诊断通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测血清抗HAV免疫球蛋白M抗体来确诊。共识别出443例患者，其中159例接受调查。他们的平均年龄为12.2岁，男女比例为0.9。受影响最严重的年龄组为6至10岁（35%）和11至15岁（33%）。最可能的污染源是井水或水箱中的饮用水以及直接传播。最常见的症状包括乏力、消化系统紊乱和黄疸。报告了两例暴发性肝炎病例，其中一例致死。我们的结果表明，斯法克斯省的HAV地方性流行程度已从高度流行降至中度流行，这一点从初次感染HAV的年龄增加可以看出。加强健康教育和改善饮用水供应将降低我们地区HAV的传播风险。
