Bherwani Sonny, Jibhkate Srushtee Bipin, Saumya A S, Patel Sitendu Kumar, Singh Ritu, Ghotekar L H
Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2017 Mar 1;29(3):79-84. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2016-0024.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous disease characterised by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and insulin resistance. Diabetes is occurring at younger age in India. It is estimated that 20% of the type 2 DM patients reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during their lifetime. Recently, it has been proposed that hypomagnesaemia is a novel factor implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Considering this, a study was designed to estimate the prevalence and association of hypomagnesaemia with diabetic nephropathy in North Indian population.
The investigated clinical group composed of 100 type 2 diabetics, grouped into two, on the basis of presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy with n=50 each. Biochemical investigations including fasting blood sugar (BS-F), blood urea, creatinine, magnesium (Mg), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (U-A/C ratio) were carried out. Descriptive statistics was applied to described frequency and means. χ2-Test and Student's t-tests were used to analyze associations between categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Pearson's correlation was done to find the association of nephropathy with hypomagnesaemia.
We observed that 37% of diabetic patients had hypomagnesaemia (mean=1.40±0.16 mg/dL). There was also a significantly higher prevalence of hypomagnesaemia (52%) in DM nephropathy patients (mean=1.62±0.31 mg/dL) compared to without nephropathy patients (22%, mean=1.86±0.28 mg/dL). Serum magnesium levels were significantly inversely correlated with serum creatinine (r=-0.222, p=0.026) and U-A/C ratio (r=-0.352, p=0.000), and positively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r=0.304, p=0.002).
We concluded that hypomagnesaemia was significantly associated with higher prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and can be used as a marker for the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy.
糖尿病（DM）是一种异质性疾病，其特征为胰岛素绝对或相对缺乏以及胰岛素抵抗。在印度，糖尿病发病年龄趋于年轻化。据估计，20%的2型糖尿病患者在其一生中会发展至终末期肾病（ESRD）。最近，有人提出低镁血症是糖尿病并发症发病机制中的一个新因素。考虑到这一点，我们设计了一项研究，以评估印度北部人群中低镁血症的患病率及其与糖尿病肾病的关联。
研究的临床组由100例2型糖尿病患者组成，根据是否患有糖尿病肾病分为两组，每组50例。进行了包括空腹血糖（BS-F）、血尿素、肌酐、镁（Mg）、尿白蛋白-肌酐比值（U-A/C比值）在内的生化检查。应用描述性统计来描述频率和均值。分别使用χ2检验和学生t检验来分析分类变量和连续变量之间的关联。采用Pearson相关性分析来确定肾病与低镁血症之间的关联。
我们观察到37%的糖尿病患者存在低镁血症（均值 = 1.40±0.16 mg/dL）。与无肾病的患者（22%，均值 = 1.86±0.28 mg/dL）相比，糖尿病肾病患者中低镁血症的患病率也显著更高（52%，均值 = 1.62±0.31 mg/dL）。血清镁水平与血清肌酐（r = -0.222，p = 0.026）和U-A/C比值（r = -0.352，p = 0.000）呈显著负相关，与肾小球滤过率（GFR）呈正相关（r = 0.304，p = 0.002）。
我们得出结论，低镁血症与糖尿病肾病的较高患病率显著相关，可作为糖尿病肾病发生风险的一个标志物。
