Boque Genovard M A, De March Ayuela P
Dispensario Central de las Enfermedades del Tórax, Barcelona.
An Esp Pediatr. 1989 Apr;30(4):261-4.
With the decrease in tuberculosis, local microepidemics of tuberculous infection and disease have been described, specially when the annual risk of tuberculous infection, is less than 0.1%. This phenomenon is more frequent in school children when they are exposed to a potent infectious source case. 13 epidemics in school children who had been in contact with one or two highly contagious tuberculous cases (teacher or pupils) are shown. Prevalences of infection as high as 97% are found among the exposed children and their risk increases to 5.7. The tuberculin convertors are 37.9% and their risk increases to 16.7. Treatment recommendations are indicated, they include avoidance of massive unselected prospections and the need of adequate collaboration. BCG vaccination increases the difficulty in the search of infected persons and group infections.
随着结核病发病率的下降，已出现局部结核感染和疾病的小范围流行，特别是在结核感染年风险低于0.1%时。这种现象在学童接触强传染性传染源时更为常见。文中展示了13起学童与一两名高传染性结核病例（教师或学生）接触后的疫情。在接触的儿童中发现感染率高达97%，其感染风险增至5.7。结核菌素阳转者占37.9%，其风险增至16.7。文中给出了治疗建议，包括避免大规模无差别筛查以及需要充分协作。卡介苗接种增加了寻找感染者和群体感染的难度。
