构建基于血液的生物标志物用于癌症早期检测的证据基础：一项快速系统映射综述
Building the Evidence Base of Blood-Based Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer: A Rapid Systematic Mapping Review.
作者信息
Uttley Lesley, Whiteman Becky L, Woods Helen Buckley, Harnan Susan, Philips Sian Taylor, Cree Ian A
机构信息
The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
Centre for Technology Enabled Health Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
出版信息
EBioMedicine. 2016 Aug;10:164-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Jul 6.
BACKGROUND
The Early Cancer Detection Consortium is developing a blood-test to screen the general population for early identification of cancer, and has therefore conducted a systematic mapping review to identify blood-based biomarkers that could be used for early identification of cancer.
METHODS
A mapping review with a systematic approach was performed to identify biomarkers and establish their state of development. Comprehensive searches of electronic databases Medline, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane library and Biosis were conducted in May 2014 to obtain relevant literature on blood-based biomarkers for cancer detection in humans. Screening of retrieved titles and abstracts was performed using an iterative sifting process known as "data mining". All blood based biomarkers, their relevant properties and characteristics, and their corresponding references were entered into an inclusive database for further scrutiny by the Consortium, and subsequent selection of biomarkers for rapid review. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42014010827).
FINDINGS
The searches retrieved 19,724 records after duplicate removal. The data mining approach retrieved 3990 records (i.e. 20% of the original 19,724), which were considered for inclusion. A list of 814 potential blood-based biomarkers was generated from included studies. Clinical experts scrutinised the list to identify miss-classified and duplicate markers, also volunteering the names of biomarkers that may have been missed: no new markers were identified as a result. This resulted in a final list of 788 biomarkers.
INTERPRETATION
This study is the first to systematically and comprehensively map blood biomarkers for early detection of cancer. Use of this rapid systematic mapping approach found a broad range of relevant biomarkers allowing an evidence-based approach to identification of promising biomarkers for development of a blood-based cancer screening test in the general population.
背景
早期癌症检测联盟正在研发一种血液检测方法，用于对普通人群进行筛查以早期发现癌症，因此开展了一项系统性图谱综述，以确定可用于癌症早期检测的血液生物标志物。
方法
采用系统性方法进行图谱综述，以识别生物标志物并确定其发展状态。2014年5月对电子数据库Medline、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane图书馆和Biosis进行了全面检索，以获取有关人类癌症检测血液生物标志物的相关文献。使用一种称为“数据挖掘”的迭代筛选过程对检索到的标题和摘要进行筛选。所有基于血液的生物标志物、其相关特性和特征以及相应参考文献均被录入一个综合数据库，以供联盟进一步审查，并随后选择生物标志物进行快速审查。该系统性综述已在PROSPERO注册（编号CRD42014010827）。
结果
检索后去除重复记录得到19724条记录。数据挖掘方法检索到3990条记录（即原始19724条记录的20%），这些记录被考虑纳入。纳入研究生成了一份包含814种潜在血液生物标志物的清单。临床专家对该清单进行审查，以识别分类错误和重复的标志物，同时也主动提供可能被遗漏的生物标志物名称：结果未发现新的标志物。这产生了一份包含788种生物标志物的最终清单。
解读
本研究首次对用于癌症早期检测的血液生物标志物进行了系统全面的图谱绘制。使用这种快速系统性图谱绘制方法发现了广泛的相关生物标志物，从而能够以循证方式识别有前景的生物标志物，用于开发普通人群的血液癌症筛查检测方法。
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