Mendonça Erminiana Daminani, da Silva Juliana, Dos Santos Marcela S, Carvalho Patricia, Papke Débora Kuck Mausolff, Ortmann Caroline Flach, Picada Jaqueline Nascimento, Reginatto Flávio Henrique, de Barros Falcão Ferraz Alexandre
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Dec 4;193:214-220. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.046. Epub 2016 Jul 17.
Cecropia pachystachya is a medicinal plant native to South and Central Americas used to treat asthma and diabetes.
In this study, we evaluated the genotoxic, mutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of crude aqueous extract of C. pachystachya (CAE-Cp) leaves.
CAE-Cp was analyzed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method to determine total phenolic and tannin contents. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify major compounds. Distinct tissues from female and male adult mice were treated with 500-2000mg/kg of CAE-Cp by gavage for the comet assay and micronucleus test analyses. In addition, peripheral blood slides of the group treated with 2000mg/kg CAE-Cp were analyzed 3, 6, and 24h after treatment and were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (ex vivo) to evaluate the genotoxic effect using the comet assay. The Salmonella/microsome assay was carried out against to TA100, TA98, TA97a, TA102, and TA1535 strains in presence and absence of the S9 mix.
HPLC showed the presence of chlorogenic acid, isoorientin, orientin, and isovitexin as major compounds. Total phenolic and tannin contents were, respectively, 305.6±0.80 and 144.6±19.04mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of extract. Brain DNA damage was observed in all groups treated with CAE-Cp. The HO challenge indicated genotoxic effect only 6h after the administration of the extract. No increase was detected in micronucleus frequency for any group treated with the extract. Mutagenic effects were detected by Salmonella/microsome assay only in TA102 strain without S9 mix at higher doses.
The results obtained indicate that CAE-Cp was genotoxic to brain tissue. This result is supported by other papers, showing that compounds present in this extract can cross the blood-brain barrier and act on central nervous system.
美洲合欢是一种原产于南美洲和中美洲的药用植物，用于治疗哮喘和糖尿病。
在本研究中，我们评估了美洲合欢叶粗水提取物（CAE-Cp）的遗传毒性、致突变性和抗遗传毒性作用。
采用福林-酚法分析CAE-Cp，以测定总酚和单宁含量。使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）鉴定主要化合物。通过灌胃给予成年雌性和雄性小鼠500-2000mg/kg的CAE-Cp，用于彗星试验和微核试验分析。此外，对用2000mg/kg CAE-Cp处理的组的外周血涂片在处理后3、6和24小时进行分析，并暴露于过氧化氢（体外），以使用彗星试验评估遗传毒性作用。在有和没有S9混合物的情况下，针对TA100、TA98、TA97a、TA102和TA1535菌株进行沙门氏菌/微粒体试验。
HPLC显示主要化合物有绿原酸、异荭草素、荭草素和异牡荆素。总酚和单宁含量分别为305.6±0.80和144.6±19.04mg没食子酸当量/g提取物。在用CAE-Cp处理的所有组中均观察到脑DNA损伤。HO攻击表明仅在提取物给药后6小时有遗传毒性作用。提取物处理的任何组的微核频率均未检测到增加。仅在较高剂量且无S9混合物的情况下，沙门氏菌/微粒体试验在TA102菌株中检测到致突变作用。
所得结果表明CAE-Cp对脑组织具有遗传毒性。其他论文支持这一结果，表明该提取物中存在的化合物可穿过血脑屏障并作用于中枢神经系统。
