Faenger Bernd, Arnold Dirk, Schumann Nikolaus P, Guntinas-Lichius Orlando, Scholle Hans-Christoph
Division for Motor Research, Pathophysiology and Biomechanics, Department for Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Erfurter Str. 35, 07740, Jena, Germany.
Institute of Systematic Zoology and Evolutionary Biology with Phyletic Museum, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jan;274(1):327-336. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4202-3. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
The study aim was to identify and analyze intramuscular electrically sensitive points. Electrically sensitive points are herein defined as positions, which allow muscles stimulation with a minimum possible fatigue for a maximum amount of time. A multichannel array electrode was used which could be interesting to retain the function of larynx muscle after paralysis. Eight array electrodes were implanted in the triceps brachii muscle of four rats. While being under anesthesia, the animals were intramuscularly stimulated at 16 different positions. Sihler's staining technique was used to make visible the nerves routes and the intramuscular position of the individual electrode plate. The positions of the motor end plates were determined by means of multichannel-electromyography. The positions that allow longest stimulation periods are located close to the points where the nerves enter the muscle. Stimulation at the position of the motor end plates does not result in stimulation periods above average. Locations initially causing strong muscle contractions are not necessarily identical to the ones allowing long stimulation periods. The animal model identified the stimulation points for minimal possible muscle fatigue stimulation as being located close to the points of entrance of the nerve into the muscle. Stimulation causing an initially strong contraction response is no indication of optimal location of the stimulation electrode in terms of chronic stimulation. The array electrode of this study could be interesting as a stimulation electrode for a larynx pacemaker.
该研究的目的是识别和分析肌肉内的电敏感点。电敏感点在此被定义为这样的位置，即能够在尽可能短的疲劳时间内实现对肌肉的最长时间刺激。使用了一种多通道阵列电极，这对于在瘫痪后保留喉肌功能可能具有重要意义。在四只大鼠的肱三头肌中植入了八个阵列电极。在麻醉状态下，对动物的肌肉在16个不同位置进行刺激。采用西勒染色技术使神经路径和各个电极板在肌肉内的位置清晰可见。通过多通道肌电图确定运动终板的位置。能够实现最长刺激时间的位置靠近神经进入肌肉的点。在运动终板位置进行刺激并不会产生高于平均水平的刺激时间。最初引起强烈肌肉收缩的位置不一定与允许长时间刺激的位置相同。该动物模型确定，最小化肌肉疲劳刺激的刺激点位于靠近神经进入肌肉的入口处。就长期刺激而言，最初引起强烈收缩反应的刺激并不表明刺激电极的最佳位置。本研究中的阵列电极作为喉起搏器的刺激电极可能具有重要意义。
