Institut für Insektenbiotechnologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, E425 Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2016 Apr;14:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 30.
We review progress in understanding sequestration by herbivorous insects, the use of plant chemical defenses for their own defense. We incorporate sequestration into the framework of plant-insect coevolution by integrating three hierarchical issues: (1) the relationship between dietary specialization and sequestration of plant defenses, (2) the physiological mechanisms involved in sequestration, and (3) how sequestration evolves via interactions between trophic levels. Sequestration is often associated with specialization, but even specialized sequestration is not an evolutionary dead-end. Despite considerable progress in understanding physiological mechanisms, detailed knowledge of how plant toxins cross the insect gut epithelium is still largely lacking. Sequestration is likely a major vehicle for coevolutionary escalation in speciose plant-insect-predator interactions, suggesting that a strictly bitrophic view is untenable.
我们回顾了关于食草昆虫对植物化学防御物质的隔离作用（即利用植物化学防御物质来保护自己）的研究进展。我们将隔离作用纳入植物-昆虫协同进化的框架中，整合了三个层次的问题：（1）食性特化与植物防御物质隔离之间的关系；（2）隔离作用涉及的生理机制；（3）隔离作用如何通过营养级之间的相互作用而进化。隔离作用通常与特化作用相关，但即使是特化的隔离作用也并非进化的死胡同。尽管在理解生理机制方面取得了相当大的进展，但关于植物毒素如何穿过昆虫肠上皮的详细知识仍然很大程度上缺失。隔离作用可能是植物-昆虫-捕食者相互作用中协同进化升级的主要载体，这表明严格的双营养级观点是站不住脚的。
