Gamiño-Arroyo Ana E, Moreno-Espinosa Sarbelio, Llamosas-Gallardo Beatriz, Ortiz-Hernández Ana A, Guerrero M Lourdes, Galindo-Fraga Arturo, Galán-Herrera Juan F, Prado-Galbarro Francisco J, Beigel John H, Ruiz-Palacios Guillermo M, Noyola Daniel E
Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2017 Jan;11(1):48-56. doi: 10.1111/irv.12414. Epub 2016 Aug 18.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading etiological agent of acute respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in children. However, little information is available regarding RSV infections in Latin American countries, particularly among adult patients.
To describe the epidemiology of RSV infection and to analyze the factors associated with severe infections in children and adults in Mexico.
Patients ≥1 month old, who presented with an influenza-like illness (ILI) to six hospitals in Mexico, were eligible for participation in the study. Multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction identified viral pathogens in nasal swabs from 5629 episodes of ILI. Patients in whom RSV was detected were included in this report.
Respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 399 children and 171 adults. RSV A was detected in 413 cases and RSV B in 163, including six patients who had coinfection with both subtypes; 414 (72.6%) patients required hospital admission, including 96 (16.8%) patients that required admission to the intensive care unit. Coinfection with one or more respiratory pathogens other than RSV was detected in 159 cases. Young age (in children) and older age (in adults) as well as the presence of some underlying conditions were associated with more severe disease.
This study confirms that RSV is an important respiratory pathogen in children in Mexico. In addition, a substantial number of cases in adults were also detected highlighting the relevance of this virus in all ages. It is important to identify subjects at high risk of complications who may benefit from current or future preventive interventions.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是儿童急性呼吸道感染和住院的主要病原体。然而，关于拉丁美洲国家RSV感染的信息很少，尤其是成年患者。
描述墨西哥RSV感染的流行病学特征，并分析儿童和成人严重感染的相关因素。
年龄≥1个月、出现流感样疾病（ILI）并前往墨西哥6家医院就诊的患者有资格参与本研究。多重逆转录聚合酶链反应鉴定了5629例ILI鼻拭子中的病毒病原体。本报告纳入检测到RSV的患者。
在399名儿童和171名成人中检测到呼吸道合胞病毒。检测到413例RSV A型和163例RSV B型，其中6例为两种亚型的合并感染；414例（72.6%）患者需要住院治疗，其中96例（16.8%）患者需要入住重症监护病房。159例患者检测到与RSV以外的一种或多种呼吸道病原体合并感染。儿童年龄小、成人年龄大以及存在一些基础疾病与更严重的疾病相关。
本研究证实RSV是墨西哥儿童重要的呼吸道病原体。此外，还检测到大量成人病例，突出了该病毒在所有年龄段的相关性。识别可能从当前或未来预防干预中获益的并发症高危人群很重要。
