Goodell L Suzanne, Johnson Susan L, Antono Amanda C, Power Thomas G, Hughes Sheryl O
Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7624, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7624, USA.
Children's Eating Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Building 500, Box F561, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2017 Jan;21(1):68-76. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2094-x.
Introduction Parents play a key role in the development of eating habits in preschool children, as they are the food "gatekeepers." Repeated exposure to new foods can improve child food preferences and consumption. The objective of this study was to determine parent feeding strategies used to influence child acceptance of previously rejected foods (PRF). Methods We conducted eighteen focus groups (total participants = 111) with low-income African American and Hispanic parents of preschool children (3- to 5-year-olds) in Texas, Colorado, and Washington. Through thematic analysis, we coded transcripts and analyzed coded quotes to develop dominant emergent themes related to strategies used to overcome children's food refusal. Results We found three major themes in the data: parents most often do not serve PRF; parents value their child eating over liking a food; and parents rarely use the same feeding strategy more than once for a PRF. Desiring to reduce waste and save time, parents said they most often intentionally decided not to purchase or serve PRF to their children. Discussion Because parents' primary goal in child feeding is getting children to eat (over acceptance of a variety of foods), strategies to help parents promote consumption of less easily accepted foods could help parents with child feeding struggles and improve children's dietary quality.
引言
父母作为食物的“把关人”，在学龄前儿童饮食习惯的形成中起着关键作用。反复接触新食物可以提高儿童对食物的偏好和消费量。本研究的目的是确定父母为影响孩子接受先前拒绝的食物（PRF）所采用的喂养策略。
方法
我们在得克萨斯州、科罗拉多州和华盛顿州，对低收入非裔美国人和西班牙裔学龄前儿童（3至5岁）的父母进行了18个焦点小组访谈（总参与者 = 111人）。通过主题分析，我们对访谈记录进行编码，并分析编码后的引述，以确定与克服儿童食物拒绝策略相关的主要新出现主题。
结果
父母通常不会提供PRF；父母更看重孩子吃东西而非喜欢某种食物；对于PRF，父母很少多次使用相同的喂养策略。出于减少浪费和节省时间的考虑，父母表示他们最常有意决定不给孩子购买或提供PRF。
讨论
由于父母在儿童喂养中的主要目标是让孩子吃东西（而不是接受各种食物），帮助父母促进较难接受食物消费的策略可以帮助有儿童喂养困难的父母，并改善儿童的饮食质量。
