Health Psychology Graduate Program, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA.
Health Psychology Graduate Program, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA.
Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Mar;61:21-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.149. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
The present study examined the influence of positive affect (PA) on levels of inflammation within the context of Pressman and Cohen's (2005) stress-buffering model, which suggests that PA confers protective health benefits through its ability to mitigate the pathogenic influence of stress. We hypothesized that greater PA would buffer against the influence of perceived psychological stress (PPS) on systemic inflammation, operationalized as C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/L). Specifically, we predicted that PA would moderate the relationship between PPS and CRP. Cross-sectional data were drawn from Wave IV (2008-2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Participants (n=3093) ranged in age from 25 to 34years old (M=29.0±1.79). Using a moderated hierarchical regression analysis, PPS and PA significantly interacted to predict levels of CRP (p<0.05). Examination of the simple slopes revealed a disordinal interaction between PPS and PA, such that higher PA was protective against elevated CRP levels, but only when individuals also reported greater levels of PPS. Thus, the data partially support the stress-buffering model of PA and extend existing evidence regarding the complexity by which PPS and PA influence health. Findings also provide caution of future assumptions that relationships among PA, PPS, and physical health markers, such as CRP, are always positive (e.g., PA) or negative (e.g., PPS) in nature.
本研究考察了积极情绪 (PA) 在 Pressman 和 Cohen（2005）的应激缓冲模型背景下对炎症水平的影响，该模型表明，PA 通过减轻应激的致病影响，为健康提供保护益处。我们假设更大的 PA 将缓冲感知心理压力 (PPS) 对全身炎症（以 C-反应蛋白 (CRP, mg/L) 衡量）的影响。具体而言，我们预测 PA 将调节 PPS 和 CRP 之间的关系。横断面数据来自国家青少年到成人健康纵向研究（Add Health）的第四波（2008-2009 年）。参与者年龄在 25 至 34 岁之间（M=29.0±1.79）。使用调节分层回归分析，PPS 和 PA 显著相互作用以预测 CRP 水平（p<0.05）。对简单斜率的检验显示 PPS 和 PA 之间存在非序相互作用，即较高的 PA 对 CRP 水平升高具有保护作用，但仅当个体报告较高水平的 PPS 时才会如此。因此，数据部分支持 PA 的应激缓冲模型，并扩展了关于 PPS 和 PA 影响健康的复杂性的现有证据。研究结果还对未来的假设提供了警示，即 PA、PPS 和身体健康指标（如 CRP）之间的关系并非总是积极的（例如，PA）或消极的（例如，PPS）。
