Bower Julienne E, Kuhlman Kate R, Haydon Marcie D, Boyle Chloe C, Radin Arielle
Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles.
Department of Psychiatry/Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles.
Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2019 Sep;13(9). doi: 10.1111/spc3.12498. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) examines interactions among psychological and behavioral states, the brain, and the immune system. Research in PNI has elegantly documented effects of stress at multiple levels of the neuro-immune network, with profound implications for both physical and mental health. In this review, we consider how the neuro-immune network might be influenced by "positive" psychological and behavioral states, focusing on positive affect, eudaimonic well-being, physical activity, and sleep. There is compelling evidence that these positive states and behaviors are associated with changes in immune activity in the body, including reductions in peripheral inflammatory processes relevant for physical health. Growing evidence from animal models also suggests effects of positive states on immune cells in the brain and the blood-brain barrier, which then impact critical aspects of mood, cognition, and behavior. Tremendous advances are being made in our understanding of neuro-immune dynamics; one of the central goals of this review is to highlight recent preclinical research in this area and consider how we can leverage these findings to investigate and cultivate a healthy neuro-immune network in humans.
心理神经免疫学（PNI）领域研究心理和行为状态、大脑与免疫系统之间的相互作用。PNI的研究已经清晰地记录了压力在神经免疫网络多个层面的影响，对身心健康都有着深远的意义。在这篇综述中，我们探讨神经免疫网络可能如何受到“积极”心理和行为状态的影响，重点关注积极情绪、幸福安康感、体育活动和睡眠。有令人信服的证据表明，这些积极状态和行为与体内免疫活动的变化有关，包括与身体健康相关的外周炎症过程的减少。来自动物模型的越来越多的证据还表明，积极状态对大脑中的免疫细胞和血脑屏障有影响，进而影响情绪、认知和行为的关键方面。我们对神经免疫动力学的理解正在取得巨大进展；这篇综述的核心目标之一是突出该领域最近的临床前研究，并思考我们如何利用这些发现来研究和培育人类健康的神经免疫网络。
