Gassmann Norina N, van Elteren Hugo A, Goos Tom G, Morales Claudia R, Rivera-Ch Maria, Martin Daniel S, Cabala Peralta Patricia, Passano Del Carpio Agustin, Aranibar Machaca Saul, Huicho Luis, Reiss Irwin K M, Gassmann Max, de Jonge Rogier C J
Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2016 Sep 1;121(3):709-15. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00561.2016. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
The developing human fetus is able to cope with the physiological reduction in oxygen supply occurring in utero. However, it is not known if microvascularization of the fetus is augmented when pregnancy occurs at high altitude. Fifty-three healthy term newborns in Puno, Peru (3,840 m) were compared with sea-level controls. Pre- and postductal arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was determined. Cerebral and calf muscle regional tissue oxygenation was measured using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Skin microcirculation was noninvasively measured using incident dark field imaging. Pre- and postductal SpO2 in Peruvian babies was 88.1 and 88.4%, respectively, which was 10.4 and 9.7% lower than in newborns at sea level (P < 0.001). Cerebral and regional oxygen saturation was significantly lower in the Peruvian newborns (cerebral: 71.0 vs. 74.9%; regional: 68.5 vs. 76.0%, P < 0.001). Transcutaneously measured total vessel density in the Peruvian newborns was 14% higher than that in the newborns born at sea level (29.7 vs. 26.0 mm/mm(2); P ≤ 0.001). This study demonstrates that microvascular vessel density in neonates born to mothers living at high altitude is higher than that in neonates born at sea level.
发育中的人类胎儿能够应对子宫内发生的氧气供应生理性减少。然而，尚不清楚在高海拔地区怀孕时胎儿的微血管形成是否会增加。将秘鲁普诺（海拔3840米）的53名足月健康新生儿与海平面对照组进行比较。测定了导管前和导管后动脉血氧饱和度（SpO2）。使用近红外光谱（NIRS）测量大脑和小腿肌肉区域组织氧合。使用入射暗场成像无创测量皮肤微循环。秘鲁婴儿的导管前和导管后SpO2分别为88.1%和88.4%，比海平面新生儿低10.4%和9.7%（P<0.001）。秘鲁新生儿的大脑和区域氧饱和度显著较低（大脑：71.0%对74.9%；区域：68.5%对76.0%，P<0.001）。经皮测量的秘鲁新生儿总血管密度比海平面出生的新生儿高14%（29.7对26.0毫米/毫米²；P≤0.001）。这项研究表明，居住在高海拔地区的母亲所生新生儿的微血管血管密度高于海平面出生的新生儿。
