Attene Giuseppe, Nikolaidis Pantelis T, Bragazzi Nicola L, Dello Iacono Antonio, Pizzolato Fabio, Zagatto Alessandro M, Dal Pupo Juliano, Oggianu Marcello, Migliaccio Gian M, Mannucci Pacini Elena, Padulo Johnny
Italian Olympic Committee Cagliari, Italy.
Department of Physical and Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy Athens, Greece.
Front Physiol. 2016 Jun 27;7:262. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00262. eCollection 2016.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 5-week training program, consisting of repeated 30-m sprints, on two repeated sprint ability (RSA) test formats: one with one change of direction (RSA) and the other with multiple changes of direction (RSM). Thirty-six young male and female basketball players (age 16.1 ± 0.9 years), divided into two experimental groups, were tested for RSA, RSM, squat jump, counter-movement jump, and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery-Level-1 (Yo-Yo IR1) test, before and after a 4-week training program and 1 week of tapering. One group performed 30-m sprints with one change of direction (RSA group, RSAG), whereas the other group performed multidirectional 30-m sprints (RSM group, RSMG). Both groups improved in all scores in the post-intervention measurements (P < 0.05), except for the fatigue index in the RSM test. However, when comparing the two groups, similar effects were found for almost all parameters of the tests applied, except for RPE in the RSA test, which had a greater decrease in the RSAG (from 8.7 to 5.9) than in the RSMG (from 8.5 to 6.6, P = 0.021). We can conclude that repeated 30-m sprints, either with one change of direction or multidirectional, induce similar physiological and performance responses in young basketball players, but have a different psycho-physiological impact.
本研究的目的是考察一项为期5周、由重复30米冲刺跑组成的训练计划，对两种重复冲刺能力（RSA）测试形式的影响：一种是有一次方向变化的测试（RSA），另一种是有多次方向变化的测试（RSM）。36名年轻男女篮球运动员（年龄16.1±0.9岁）被分为两个实验组，在为期4周的训练计划和1周的减量期前后，接受了RSA、RSM、深蹲跳、纵跳以及Yo-Yo间歇恢复一级（Yo-Yo IR1）测试。一组进行有一次方向变化的30米冲刺跑（RSA组，RSAG），而另一组进行多方向30米冲刺跑（RSM组，RSMG）。干预后测量中，两组所有得分均有所提高（P<0.05），但RSM测试中的疲劳指数除外。然而，在比较两组时，除了RSA测试中的主观用力程度（RPE）外，所应用测试的几乎所有参数都发现了相似的效果，RSA测试中的RPE在RSAG组（从8.7降至5.9）的下降幅度大于RSMG组（从8.5降至6.6，P = 0.021）。我们可以得出结论，无论是有一次方向变化还是多方向的重复30米冲刺跑，在年轻篮球运动员中都会引起相似的生理和运动表现反应，但具有不同的心理生理影响。
