Lukasova Katerina, Silva Isadora P, Macedo Elizeu C
Faculty of Psychology, University Cruzeiro do SulSao Paulo, Brazil; Neuroimagem Funcional, LIM-44, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao PauloSao Paulo, Brazil.
Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2016 Jun 30;7:987. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00987. eCollection 2016.
Analysis of eye movement patterns during tracking tasks represents a potential way to identify differences in the cognitive processing and motor mechanisms underlying reading in dyslexic children before the occurrence of school failure. The current study aimed to evaluate the pattern of eye movements in antisaccades, predictive saccades and visually guided saccades in typical readers and readers with developmental dyslexia. The study included 30 children (age M = 11; SD = 1.67), 15 diagnosed with developmental dyslexia (DG) and 15 regular readers (CG), matched by age, gender and school grade. Cognitive assessment was performed prior to the eye-tracking task during which both eyes were registered using the Tobii® 1750 eye-tracking device. The results demonstrated a lower correct antisaccades rate in dyslexic children compared to the controls (p < 0.001, DG = 25%, CC = 37%). Dyslexic children also made fewer saccades in predictive latency (p < 0.001, DG = 34%, CG = 46%, predictive latency within -300-120 ms with target as 0 point). No between-group difference was found for visually guided saccades. In this task, both groups showed shorter latency for right-side targets. The results indicated altered oculomotor behavior in dyslexic children, which has been reported in previous studies. We extend these findings by demonstrating impaired implicit learning of target's time/position patterns in dyslexic children.
在追踪任务中分析眼动模式是一种潜在的方法，可用于在阅读障碍儿童出现学业失败之前，识别其阅读背后认知加工和运动机制的差异。本研究旨在评估典型阅读者和发育性阅读障碍阅读者在反扫视、预测性扫视和视觉引导扫视中的眼动模式。该研究纳入了30名儿童（年龄M = 11；标准差 = 1.67），其中15名被诊断为发育性阅读障碍（DG组），15名是普通阅读者（CG组），两组在年龄、性别和年级上相匹配。在眼动追踪任务之前进行了认知评估，在此任务中使用Tobii® 1750眼动追踪设备记录双眼。结果显示，与对照组相比，阅读障碍儿童的正确反扫视率较低（p < 0.001，DG组 = 25%，CG组 = 37%）。阅读障碍儿童在预测潜伏期内的扫视次数也较少（p < 0.001，DG组 = 34%，CG组 = 46%，以目标为0点，预测潜伏期在 -300 - 120毫秒内）。在视觉引导扫视方面未发现组间差异。在这项任务中，两组对右侧目标的潜伏期均较短。结果表明阅读障碍儿童的眼球运动行为发生了改变，这在先前的研究中已有报道。我们通过证明阅读障碍儿童对目标时间/位置模式的内隐学习受损，扩展了这些发现。
