Bilbao Carmen, Carrera Alba, Otin Sofia, Piñero David P
Department of Optometry, Hospital Quirón, 22003 Huesca, Spain.
Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Brain Sci. 2024 Jul 26;14(8):750. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14080750.
An efficient mode of evaluation for eye movements is the use of objective eye tracking systems combined with subjective tests (NSUCO or DEM), which are easily applicable across all age groups and in eye care clinical settings. The objective of this study was to characterize fixations during reading in two groups: a group of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDG, 24 children, age: 6-12 years) and a group of children with oculomotor anomalies but without NDD (OAG, 24 children, age: 6-12 years). The results obtained were compared with those from a control group (CG, 20 children, age: 6-12 years). Specifically, the outcomes obtained with two subjective score systems, the Northeastern State University College of Optometry's Oculomotor (NSUCO) test and the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test, were compared with the objective analysis obtained through a commercially available eye tracker (Tobii Eye X, Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden). Specialized analysis software, namely Clinical Eye Tracker 2020 (Thomson Software Solutions, Welham Green, UK), was used. It was found that children with NDD had impaired oculomotor skills. A higher number of regressions, more fixations, and longer durations of fixations appear to be characteristic signs of this population group. Additionally, children with NDD took longer to complete the DEM test, as well as exhibiting more errors. The use of objective videoculographic systems for eye tracking and subjective tests like the NSUCO or DEM are good tools to assess saccadic movements, allowing the detection of oculomotor abnormalities in children with NDD.
一种有效的眼动评估方式是使用客观眼动追踪系统并结合主观测试（NSUCO或DEM），这些方法易于应用于所有年龄组以及眼科护理临床环境。本研究的目的是描述两组儿童阅读时的注视特征：一组患有神经发育障碍的儿童（NDDG，24名儿童，年龄6 - 12岁）和一组有眼动异常但无神经发育障碍的儿童（OAG，24名儿童，年龄6 - 12岁）。将获得的结果与对照组（CG，20名儿童，年龄6 - 12岁）的结果进行比较。具体而言，将两种主观评分系统，即东北州立大学视光学院的眼动（NSUCO）测试和发育性眼动（DEM）测试所获得的结果，与通过市售眼动仪（瑞典斯德哥尔摩Tobii公司的Tobii Eye X）获得的客观分析结果进行比较。使用了专门的分析软件，即Clinical Eye Tracker 2020（英国韦勒姆格林的Thomson Software Solutions公司）。研究发现，患有神经发育障碍的儿童眼动技能受损。回归次数更多、注视次数更多以及注视持续时间更长似乎是该人群组的特征性表现。此外，患有神经发育障碍的儿童完成DEM测试花费的时间更长，并且错误更多。使用客观视频眼动系统进行眼动追踪以及像NSUCO或DEM这样的主观测试是评估扫视运动的良好工具，能够检测出患有神经发育障碍儿童的眼动异常。
