da Silva Ana P Sant'Anna, Nascimento da Silva Luís C, Martins da Fonseca Caíque S, de Araújo Janete M, Correia Maria T Dos Santos, Cavalcanti Marilene da Silva, Lima Vera L de Menezes
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife, Brazil.
Mestrado em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Ceuma São Luís, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Jun 28;7:963. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00963. eCollection 2016.
Due to the use of Cleome spinosa Jacq. (Cleomaceae) in traditional medicine against inflammatory and infectious processes, this study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemical composition of extracts from its roots and leaves. From leaves (L) and roots (R) of C. spinosa different extracts were obtained (cyclohexane: ChL and ChR; chloroform: CL and CR; ethyl acetate: EAL and EAR, methanol: ML and MR). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method to obtain the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and microbicidal (MMC) concentrations against 17 species, including bacteria and yeasts. Additionally, antimicrobial and combinatory effects with oxacillin were assessed against eight clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. All C. spinosa extracts showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, as they have inhibited all tested bacteria and yeasts. This activity seems to be related to the phytochemicals (flavonoid, terpenoids and saponins) detected into the extracts of C. spinosa. ChL and CL extracts were the most actives, with MIC less than 1 mg/mL against S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Micrococcus luteus. It is important to note that these concentrations are much lower than their 50% hemolysis concentration (HC50) values. Strong correlations were found between the average MIC against S. aureus and their phenolic (r = -0.89) and flavonoid content (r = -0.87), reinforcing the possible role of these metabolite classes on the antimicrobial activity of C. spinosa derived extracts. Moreover, CL and CR showed the best inhibitory activity against S. aureus clinical isolates, they also showed synergistic action with oxacillin against all these strains (at least at one combined proportion). These results encourage the identification of active substances which could be used as lead(s) molecules in the development of new antimicrobial drugs.
由于醉蝶花（白花菜科）在传统医学中用于对抗炎症和感染过程，本研究评估了其根和叶提取物的体外抗菌潜力和植物化学成分。从醉蝶花的叶（L）和根（R）中获得了不同的提取物（环己烷：ChL和ChR；氯仿：CL和CR；乙酸乙酯：EAL和EAR，甲醇：ML和MR）。通过肉汤微量稀释法评估抗菌活性，以获得针对包括细菌和酵母在内的17种菌株的最低抑菌（MIC）和杀菌（MMC）浓度。此外，还评估了与苯唑西林对8株金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的抗菌和联合作用。所有醉蝶花提取物均表现出广谱抗菌活性，因为它们抑制了所有测试的细菌和酵母。这种活性似乎与在醉蝶花提取物中检测到的植物化学物质（黄酮类、萜类和皂苷）有关。ChL和CL提取物活性最强，对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和藤黄微球菌的MIC小于1mg/mL。需要注意的是，这些浓度远低于其50%溶血浓度（HC50）值。发现针对金黄色葡萄球菌的平均MIC与其酚类含量（r = -0.89）和黄酮类含量（r = -0.87）之间存在强相关性，这进一步证明了这些代谢物类别在醉蝶花衍生提取物抗菌活性中的可能作用。此外，CL和CR对金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株表现出最佳抑制活性，它们与苯唑西林对所有这些菌株也表现出协同作用（至少在一种联合比例下）。这些结果鼓励鉴定可作为新型抗菌药物开发中先导分子的活性物质。
