Krist Lilian, Lotz Fabian, Bürger Christin, Ströbele-Benschop Nanette, Roll Stephanie, Rieckmann Nina, Müller-Nordhorn Jacqueline, Willich Stefan N, Müller-Riemenschneider Falk
Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Hohenheim, Germany.
Addiction. 2016 Dec;111(12):2219-2229. doi: 10.1111/add.13537. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
In Germany, the smoking prevalence among adolescents is among the highest in Europe. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of a combined student-parent and a student-only smoking prevention programme to reduce the smoking prevalence among 7th grade students in Berlin.
Three-armed cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT). Schools as cluster units were randomized into (i) student intervention, (ii) combined student-parent intervention or (iii) control group, with follow-up after 12 and 24 months.
High schools and integrated secondary schools in Berlin, Germany.
Seventh grade students aged 11-16 years. We included 47 schools, 161 classes and 2801 students [50.1% girls, mean age ± standard deviation (SD) = 13.0 ± 0.6 years].
The primary outcome was self-reported regular smoking (at least one cigarette per day) after 24 months (point prevalence). Further self-reported outcomes were other smoking behaviours as well as parental rules and attitudes towards smoking. Comparisons were calculated as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
At baseline, 2.3% of the students reported that they smoked regularly. After 24 months, 7.8% and 7.0% were regular smokers in the student-only intervention and the student-parent intervention, respectively, compared with 10.1% in the control group. The OR for being a regular smoker was 0.81 (0.34-1.92) for the student-parent intervention versus control, 0.95 (CI = 0.41-2.22) for the student-only intervention versus control and 0.85 (0.38-1.89) for student-parent intervention versus student-only intervention.
A combined student-parent smoking prevention intervention delivered via secondary schools in Berlin, Germany did not result in a statistically significant reduction in regular smoking compared with a control group or a student-only intervention. The student-only intervention did not result in a significant reduction in regular smoking compared with the control group.
在德国，青少年吸烟率位居欧洲前列。我们的目的是评估一项学生-家长联合及一项仅针对学生的吸烟预防计划在降低柏林七年级学生吸烟率方面的长期效果。
三臂整群随机对照试验（RCT）。将学校作为整群单位随机分为：（i）学生干预组，（ii）学生-家长联合干预组或（iii）对照组，在12个月和24个月后进行随访。
德国柏林的高中和综合中学。
11至16岁的七年级学生。我们纳入了47所学校、161个班级和2801名学生[女生占50.1%，平均年龄±标准差（SD）=13.0±0.6岁]。
主要结局是24个月后自我报告的经常吸烟情况（每天至少吸一支烟）（时点患病率）。其他自我报告的结局包括其他吸烟行为以及家长对吸烟的规定和态度。比较结果以比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）表示。
在基线时，2.3%的学生报告他们经常吸烟。24个月后，仅针对学生的干预组和学生-家长联合干预组中经常吸烟的学生分别占7.8%和7.0%，而对照组为10.1%。学生-家长联合干预组与对照组相比，成为经常吸烟者的OR为0.81（0.34 - 1.92），仅针对学生的干预组与对照组相比为0.95（CI = 0.41 - 2.22），学生-家长联合干预组与仅针对学生的干预组相比为0.85（0.38 - 1.89）。
在德国柏林通过中学实施的学生-家长联合吸烟预防干预与对照组或仅针对学生的干预相比，在经常吸烟率方面未产生统计学上的显著降低。仅针对学生的干预与对照组相比，在经常吸烟率方面也未产生显著降低。
