Okyay Ramazan Azim, Çelenk Özlem, Nazlıcan Ersin, Akbaba Muhsin
Department of Communicable Diseases, Ceyhan Community Health Center, Adana, Turkey.
Departmant of Projects, The Governorship of Hatay, Hatay, Turkey.
PLoS One. 2016 Jul 22;11(7):e0159816. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159816. eCollection 2016.
The success of prevention programs demonstrated the importance of raising awareness about haemoglobinopathies since the lack of knowledge and awareness about the disorders may serve as barriers to prevention, disclosure of disease status as well as to testing for haemoglobinopathies. The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of middle and high school students towards haemoglobinopathies in Hatay, where the disorders are prevalent. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 8th and 9th grade students across Hatay including all sub provinces. From May 2012 to December 2012, a total of 1925 students filled the questionnaires which query the knowledge level and attitudes of students by face to face method. Among questions regarding students' knowledge about haemoglobinopathies, the lowest correct response rate was observed in "How do these diseases transmit?" with 31.8%, meaning most of the students did not know that the diseases are transmitted by heredity. Significant differences were observed between the correct answer rates of the students and their status of being previously informed. Students who had a diseased person around were having a 2.597-fold (95%CI = 1.886-3.575); students possessing at least one parent at secondary education level or above were having a 1.954-fold higher probability of being previously informed (95%CI = 1.564-2.443). Due to the lack of knowledge about haemoglobinopathies in middle and high school students, we suggest health education programs including informative lectures particularly about the genetic basis of the disorders especially in the regions where the disorders are prevalent.
预防项目的成功表明了提高对血红蛋白病认识的重要性，因为对这些疾病缺乏了解和认识可能会成为预防、疾病状况披露以及血红蛋白病检测的障碍。本研究的目的是调查哈塔伊地区（该疾病在此地区流行）中学生对血红蛋白病的知识和态度。这项横断面研究针对哈塔伊省所有县的八年级和九年级学生开展。从2012年5月至2012年12月，共有1925名学生通过面对面的方式填写了问卷，这些问卷询问了学生的知识水平和态度。在关于学生对血红蛋白病知识的问题中，“这些疾病如何传播？”这一问题的正确回答率最低，仅为31.8%，这意味着大多数学生不知道这些疾病是通过遗传传播的。学生的正确答案率与其之前是否被告知的状况之间存在显著差异。身边有患病者的学生，其之前被告知的可能性是其他学生的2.597倍（95%置信区间 = 1.886 - 3.575）；父母中至少有一方具有中等教育水平或以上的学生，其之前被告知的概率高出1.954倍（95%置信区间 = 1.564 - 2.443）。由于中学生对血红蛋白病缺乏了解，我们建议开展健康教育项目，包括举办信息讲座，特别是关于这些疾病的遗传基础，尤其是在疾病流行地区。
