Mohamed Wafaa A M, Abd-Elhakim Yasmina M, Farouk Sameh M
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2016 Sep;68(8):451-61. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
In traditional medicine, Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaf is used as a curative herbal therapy for the treatment of several diseases. The protective effects of rosemary in toxic effects of some environmental pollutants are known. However, there is paucity of information about its protective effects on lead acetate (LD) toxicity. To assess the protection of rosemary ethanolic extracts (REE) on LD-induced hepato- and nephro-toxicity, male albino rabbits were treated with REE (30mg/kg) and/or LD (30mg LD/kg) by gavage administration for 30 days. The total phenolic compound content in REE was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu's assay and phyto-constituents were isolated and identified using gas chromatographic and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The protective effect of REE in LD-induced liver and renal dysfunction and blood cells was evaluated by estimating blood biomarkers of liver and renal damage, histological, and biochemical examinations. Antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation biomarker, protein and glycogen contents were estimated in both liver and kidney homogenates. The GC-MS analysis revealed that REE is rich in phenolic compounds including camphor, phytol, borneol, caryophyllene oxide, isopulegol, thymol, and verbenone. REE pre-treatment significantly (P<0.05) suppressed levels of LD induced hepatic and renal damage products as well as lipid peroxidation. In contrast, pre-treatment using REE significantly (P<0.05) decreased LD-induced depletion of antioxidant enzymes, protein, and glycogen content. Additionally, REE preserved blood cells and their structure and renal and hepatic architecture. In conclusion, these findings revealed that REE protects from toxic effects of LD possibly through its free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities.
在传统医学中，迷迭香叶被用作治疗多种疾病的草药疗法。迷迭香对某些环境污染物毒性的保护作用是已知的。然而，关于其对醋酸铅（LD）毒性的保护作用的信息却很少。为了评估迷迭香乙醇提取物（REE）对LD诱导的肝毒性和肾毒性的保护作用，将雄性白化兔通过灌胃给予REE（30mg/kg）和/或LD（30mg LD/kg），持续30天。使用福林-西奥尔特试剂法估算REE中的总酚类化合物含量，并使用气相色谱和质谱（GC-MS）分析分离和鉴定植物成分。通过评估肝损伤和肾损伤的血液生物标志物、组织学和生化检查，来评价REE对LD诱导的肝肾功能障碍和血细胞的保护作用。对肝和肾匀浆中的抗氧化酶活性、脂质过氧化生物标志物、蛋白质和糖原含量进行了估算。GC-MS分析表明，REE富含酚类化合物，包括樟脑醇、叶绿醇、冰片、氧化石竹烯、异蒲勒醇、百里香酚和马鞭草烯酮。REE预处理显著（P<0.05）抑制了LD诱导的肝损伤和肾损伤产物水平以及脂质过氧化。相比之下，使用REE预处理显著（P<0.05）降低了LD诱导的抗氧化酶、蛋白质和糖原含量的消耗。此外，REE保护了血细胞及其结构以及肾和肝的结构。总之，这些发现表明，REE可能通过其自由基清除和抗氧化活性来保护机体免受LD的毒性作用。
