Hassanen Naglaa H M, Fahmi Abdelgawad, Shams-Eldin Engy, Abdur-Rahman Mariam
Special Food and Nutrition Department, Food Technology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Biomarkers. 2020 May;25(3):281-289. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2020.1737734. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
The kidney plays a central role in detoxification and excretion of toxic metabolites, and therefore, is susceptible to toxicity by xenobiotics. To investigate the protective effect of (rosemary) powder and its essential (volatile) oil against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced renal injury in rats. Phenolic and flavonoid components were characterised in rosemary powder using HPLC-UV instrument while rosemary essential oil (E.O) was investigated via GC-MS technique. In rat model, rosemary was administrated orally (in diet) for two months. Lipid profile, antioxidant biomarkers, kidney functions and histopathological examinations were assessed. Hesperidin (4878.88 ppm) and ellagic acid (403.57 ppm) are among the major phenolic and flavonoid constituents in rosemary powder. Camphor (18.36%) and α-pinene (12.74%) represent the main E.O active ingredients. Rats treated with rosemary E.O showed a significant elevation in serum HDL (28.28%) accompanied by a decrease in LDL (115.47%). A significant decrease in serum creatinine and urea was also reported (69.72 and 109.89%, respectively). Moreover, serum glutathione peroxidise (GSH-Px) activity has been significantly increased. Kidney histopathological examinations confirmed the protective effect against DEN-induced abnormalities. Rosemary (powder/E.O) was able to reduce or even prevent the severity of diethylnitrosamine-induced renal dysfunction.
肾脏在有毒代谢产物的解毒和排泄中起着核心作用，因此易受外源生物活性物质的毒性影响。为了研究迷迭香粉末及其精油对二乙基亚硝胺（DEN）诱导的大鼠肾损伤的保护作用。使用高效液相色谱-紫外检测器（HPLC-UV）对迷迭香粉末中的酚类和黄酮类成分进行了表征，同时通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对迷迭香精油（E.O）进行了研究。在大鼠模型中，通过口服（添加到饮食中）给予迷迭香两个月。评估了血脂谱、抗氧化生物标志物、肾功能和组织病理学检查。橙皮苷（4878.88 ppm）和鞣花酸（403.57 ppm）是迷迭香粉末中主要的酚类和黄酮类成分。樟脑（18.36%）和α-蒎烯（12.74%）是迷迭香精油的主要活性成分。用迷迭香精油处理的大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）显著升高（28.28%），同时低密度脂蛋白（LDL）降低（115.47%）。血清肌酐和尿素也显著降低（分别为69.72%和109.89%）。此外，血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著增加。肾脏组织病理学检查证实了对DEN诱导的异常具有保护作用。迷迭香（粉末/精油）能够减轻甚至预防二乙基亚硝胺诱导的肾功能障碍的严重程度。
