Richardson Joseph B, St Vil Christopher, Sharpe Tanya, Wagner Michael, Cooper Carnell
Department of African American Studies and Sociology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.
School of Social Work, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York.
J Surg Res. 2016 Jul;204(1):261-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.04.027. Epub 2016 Apr 25.
Black men are disproportionately overrepresented among victims of repeat violent injury. However, little is known about the risk factors that influence violent trauma recidivism among black men. We hypothesize that the following risk factors would be significant among black male victims of repeat violent injury: disrespect; being under the influence; being in a fight and using a weapon in the past year; and previous incarceration when comparing trauma recidivists versus nonrecidivists.
Using secondary data analysis, we identified a sample of 191 (n = 191) urban low-income black men treated by a level I trauma unit in Baltimore for violent injury (e.g., gunshot wound, stabbing, or assault) who participated in a hospital-based violence intervention program from 1998 to 2011. Participants in the program completed a risk factor for violent injury questionnaire to assess: exposure to chronic violence, criminal justice involvement, substance abuse, and disrespect (code of the street).
We found that 58% of the sample is characterized as trauma recidivists (defined as hospitalization two or more times for violent injury). Black male patients of violent injury who engage in the following: substance abuse; had previously been in a fight or used a weapon in the past year; perceived disrespect as a precursor to violence; and experienced a previous incarceration were more likely to have multiple hospitalizations for violent injury.
Trauma recidivism among urban black male victims of violent injury is a major public health issue. Hospital-based violence intervention programs should be engaged in reducing trauma recidivism among this population.
在反复遭受暴力伤害的受害者中，黑人男性的比例过高。然而，对于影响黑人男性暴力创伤再发的风险因素，我们知之甚少。我们假设，在反复遭受暴力伤害的黑人男性受害者中，以下风险因素会很显著：不尊重他人；受影响状态；在过去一年中参与打架并使用武器；以及在比较创伤再发者和非再发者时，有过入狱经历。
通过二次数据分析，我们确定了191名（n = 191）城市低收入黑人男性作为样本，他们在巴尔的摩的一级创伤中心接受过暴力伤害（如枪伤、刺伤或袭击）治疗，并于1998年至2011年参加了一项基于医院的暴力干预项目。该项目的参与者完成了一份暴力伤害风险因素调查问卷，以评估：长期暴露于暴力环境、刑事司法介入、药物滥用和不尊重他人（街头准则）情况。
我们发现，样本中有58%的人被归类为创伤再发者（定义为因暴力伤害住院两次或更多次）。遭受暴力伤害的黑人男性患者如果有以下情况：药物滥用；在过去一年中曾参与打架或使用武器；将不尊重视为暴力的前兆；以及有过入狱经历，则更有可能因暴力伤害多次住院。
城市黑人男性暴力伤害受害者中的创伤再发是一个重大的公共卫生问题。基于医院的暴力干预项目应致力于减少该人群中的创伤再发情况。
