Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Mitochondrion. 2017 Sep;36:4-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.07.011. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
Mitochondrial dysfunction may predispose to the development of diabetes mellitus with the accompanying risk for developing diabetic retinopathy or may contribute directly to the diabetic metabolic dysregulation and thereby increase the risk of diabetic late complications including retinopathy. Diabetes mellitus in mitochondrial disease can lead to the development of vision threatening retinopathy, but visual acuity is often reduced secondary to neurological deficits resulting from the mitochondrial dysfunction. The relation between mitochondrial disease and diabetic retinopathy can be influenced by epigenetics where factors in the environment modify the expression of regulatory proteins coding for the elimination of reactive oxygen species.
线粒体功能障碍可能使个体易患糖尿病，进而增加发生糖尿病性视网膜病变的风险，或者可能直接导致糖尿病代谢紊乱，从而增加包括视网膜病变在内的糖尿病晚期并发症的风险。线粒体疾病相关的糖尿病可导致威胁视力的视网膜病变的发生，但由于线粒体功能障碍导致的神经功能缺损，视力通常会降低。环境因素改变了编码清除活性氧的调节蛋白的表达，从而影响了线粒体疾病和糖尿病性视网膜病变之间的关系。
