Menale Bruno, De Castro Olga, Cascone Ciro, Muoio Rosa
University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, Via Foria 223, 80139 Napoli (I), Italy.
University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden of Naples, Via Foria 223, 80139 Napoli (I), Italy.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Nov 4;192:320-349. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.049. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
This paper illustrates the results of an ethnobotanical study carried out in the Vesuvio National Park (VNP) (Campania, Southern Italy). It describes the medicinal uses of the plants in an ancient area rich in ethnobiodiversity investigated for the first time.
The main aim of the study was to understand at what extent current knowledge on medicinal plant uses is still alive in VNP.
The informations were collected using semi-structured and unstructured interviews performed on 136 persons living in the investigated area from March to November 2014 and from April to October 2015. The age of the informants ranged from 47 to 85 years old; more than half of the informants aged between 61 and 70. Local plant uses were listed and analyzed in a table and compared with uses in other localities in Italy and in other regions of the Mediterranean basin.
In VNP were recorded a total number of 132 plant species, belonging to 110 genera and 51 families mentioned for medicinal purposes. Among the recorded 132 plant species, 70 are spontaneous or subspontaneous and 62 are cultivated above all in the kitchen gardens or in the apartments, as food or as ornamental. Herbs represent the majority, followed by trees and shrubs or subshrubs. The investigated plants were used to cure 116 different human health diseases and 4 veterinary problems. The majority of plants are used in the treatment of gastrointestinal, skin and respiratory problems.
The number of medicinal plants reported in this paper reflects a well-preserved traditional popular knowledge (TPK) of the elderly people living in the rural areas and in the small villages of VNP. The conservation of TPK is owed to the persistence of an oral tradition that safeguard the use of plants as herbal medicine. We realized that while the use of some wild plants is decreasing, people continue to gather some cultivated and invasive plants for preparing remedies. Researches like this are necessary to protect ancient memories, to promote the transfer of information to the younger generations, to preserve ethno-biodiversity and to provide a starting point fur further biochemical investigations on medicinal entities.
本文阐述了在维苏威国家公园（VNP）（意大利南部坎帕尼亚）开展的一项民族植物学研究的结果。它描述了首次对一个富含民族生物多样性的古老地区植物药用情况的调查。
该研究的主要目的是了解维苏威国家公园中关于药用植物用途的现有知识在多大程度上仍然存在。
信息收集采用了半结构化和非结构化访谈，访谈对象为2014年3月至11月以及2015年4月至10月居住在调查区域的136人。受访者年龄在47岁至85岁之间；超过半数的受访者年龄在61岁至70岁之间。当地植物的用途被列表记录并分析，同时与意大利其他地区以及地中海盆地其他区域的用途进行比较。
在维苏威国家公园共记录了132种植物，分属于110个属和51个科，均提及有药用价值。在记录的132种植物中，70种为野生或半野生植物，62种主要种植于菜园或公寓中，用作食物或观赏植物。草本植物占多数，其次是树木和灌木或亚灌木。所调查的植物被用于治疗116种不同的人类健康疾病和4种兽医疾病。大多数植物用于治疗胃肠道、皮肤和呼吸道问题。
本文所报告的药用植物数量反映了居住在维苏威国家公园农村地区和小村庄的老年人保存完好的传统大众知识（TPK）。传统大众知识的保存归因于保护植物作为草药使用的口头传统的延续。我们意识到，虽然一些野生植物的使用正在减少，但人们仍继续采集一些栽培和入侵植物来制备药物。这样的研究对于保护古老记忆、促进信息向年轻一代的传递、保护民族生物多样性以及为药用实体的进一步生化研究提供起点是必要的。
