Larsson J K, Sonestedt E, Ohlsson B, Manjer J, Sjöberg K
Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov;70(11):1309-1317. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.130. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The incidence of microscopic colitis (MC) has increased over the previous decades. In addition to smoking and drugs, currently unidentified environmental factors may have a role. The aim of this study was to determine whether specific dietary or other lifestyle factors were associated with the development of MC.
SUBJECT/METHODS: The population-based cohort Malmö Diet and Cancer Study of 28 095 individuals was examined. Information about dietary habits was collected by a modified diet history method. Data on anthropometry were measured, and socio-economic and lifestyle factors were collected by questionnaires. Cases of MC were identified in medical registers. Associations were estimated using Cox regression analysis.
During a 22-year period, 135 patients were diagnosed with MC. Intakes of protein, carbohydrates, sucrose, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids, fibre and zinc were not associated with MC. We could verify the previously reported association between MC and smoking (hazard ratio (HR): 2.29; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.66-3.84) and the female gender (HR: 3.57; 95% CI: 2.22-5.74). High alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk for MC (HR: 1.89 for the highest quartile; 95% CI: 0.82-4.33, P for trend=0.032). In a post hoc analysis, alcohol intake including all patients independently of consumption seemed to reduce the smoking-related risk.
Despite a large cohort and a long follow-up period, we could not detect any dietary risk factors for MC. The aetiological mechanisms behind the positive impact of smoking and alcohol on MC risk should be investigated.
背景/目的：在过去几十年中，显微镜下结肠炎（MC）的发病率有所上升。除了吸烟和药物外，目前尚未明确的环境因素可能也起到一定作用。本研究的目的是确定特定的饮食或其他生活方式因素是否与MC的发生有关。
对象/方法：对基于人群的马尔默饮食与癌症队列研究中的28095名个体进行了检查。通过改良的饮食史方法收集饮食习惯信息。测量人体测量数据，并通过问卷收集社会经济和生活方式因素。在医疗登记册中确定MC病例。使用Cox回归分析估计关联。
在22年期间，135名患者被诊断为MC。蛋白质、碳水化合物、蔗糖、饱和脂肪、单不饱和脂肪、多不饱和脂肪、ω-3或ω-6脂肪酸、纤维和锌的摄入量与MC无关。我们可以证实之前报道的MC与吸烟（风险比（HR）：2.29；95%置信区间（CI）：1.66 - 3.84）以及女性性别（HR：3.57；95%CI：2.22 - 5.74）之间的关联。高酒精摄入量与MC风险增加相关（最高四分位数的HR：1.89；95%CI：0.82 - 4.33，趋势P值 = 0.032）。在事后分析中，包括所有患者的酒精摄入量（与饮酒量无关）似乎降低了与吸烟相关的风险。
尽管有大量队列和较长的随访期，但我们未发现任何与MC相关联的饮食风险因素。应研究吸烟和酒精对MC风险产生积极影响背后的病因机制。
