Polyviou T, MacDougall K, Chambers E S, Viardot A, Psichas A, Jawaid S, Harris H C, Edwards C A, Simpson L, Murphy K G, Zac-Varghese S E K, Blundell J E, Dhillo W S, Bloom S R, Frost G S, Preston T, Tedford M C, Morrison D J
Stable Isotope Biochemistry Laboratory, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), East Kilbride, UK.
School of Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, UK.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Oct;44(7):662-72. doi: 10.1111/apt.13749. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced through fermentation of nondigestible carbohydrates by the gut microbiota are associated with positive metabolic effects. However, well-controlled trials are limited in humans.
To develop a methodology to deliver SCFA directly to the colon, and to optimise colonic propionate delivery in humans, to determine its role in appetite regulation and food intake.
Inulin SCFA esters were developed and tested as site-specific delivery vehicles for SCFA to the proximal colon. Inulin propionate esters containing 0-61 wt% (IPE-0-IPE-61) propionate were assessed in vitro using batch faecal fermentations. In a randomised, controlled, crossover study, with inulin as control, ad libitum food intake (kcal) was compared after 7 days on IPE-27 or IPE-54 (10 g/day all treatments). Propionate release was determined using (13) C-labelled IPE variants.
In vitro, IPE-27-IPE-54 wt% propionate resulted in a sevenfold increase in propionate production compared with inulin (P < 0.05). In vivo, IPE-27 led to greater (13) C recovery in breath CO2 than IPE-54 (64.9 vs. 24.9%, P = 0.001). IPE-27 also led to a reduction in energy intake during the ad libitum test meal compared with both inulin (439.5 vs. 703.9 kcal, P = 0.025) and IPE-54 (439.5 vs. 659.3 kcal, P = 0.025), whereas IPE-54 was not significantly different from inulin control.
IPE-27 significantly reduced food intake suggesting colonic propionate plays a role in appetite regulation. Inulin short-chain fatty acid esters provide a novel tool for probing the diet-gut microbiome-host metabolism axis in humans.
肠道微生物群对不可消化碳水化合物发酵产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）具有积极的代谢作用。然而，在人体中进行的严格对照试验有限。
开发一种将SCFA直接输送至结肠的方法，并优化人体结肠丙酸酯的输送，以确定其在食欲调节和食物摄入中的作用。
开发菊粉SCFA酯，并将其作为SCFA向近端结肠的定点输送载体进行测试。使用批量粪便发酵法在体外评估含有0-61 wt%丙酸的菊粉丙酸酯（IPE-0-IPE-61）。在一项以菊粉为对照的随机、对照、交叉研究中，比较了在IPE-27或IPE-54（所有处理均为10 g/天）上服用7天后的随意食物摄入量（千卡）。使用（13）C标记的IPE变体测定丙酸释放量。
在体外，与菊粉相比，含27%-54 wt%丙酸的IPE使丙酸产量增加了七倍（P<0.05）。在体内，IPE-27导致呼出CO2中的（13）C回收率高于IPE-54（64.9%对24.9%，P = 0.001）。与菊粉（439.5对703.9千卡，P = 0.025）和IPE-54（439.5对659.3千卡，P = 0.025）相比，IPE-27在随意测试餐期间也导致能量摄入减少，而IPE-54与菊粉对照无显著差异。
IPE-27显著减少食物摄入量，表明结肠丙酸在食欲调节中起作用。菊粉短链脂肪酸酯为探究人类饮食-肠道微生物群-宿主代谢轴提供了一种新工具。
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