Patra Souvik, Chelikani Prasanth K
School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, 7671 Evans Drive, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 30;17(13):2180. doi: 10.3390/nu17132180.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly propionate and butyrate, reduce food intake, body weight, and modulate gut microbiota composition. However, it is unclear whether encapsulation of propionate and butyrate enhances their delivery to distal gut to improve energy balance and gut microbiota composition in obesity. : We determined the effects of microencapsulated propionate and butyrate on energy balance, gut microbiota and metabolite composition in obese rats. : In experiment-1, obese male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed microencapsulated propionate and butyrate (5-10% /) or control high-fat diet. In experiment-2, obese rats were fed 10% microencapsulated propionate and butyrate, non-encapsulated butyrate (10% /), and pair-fed to non-capsulated butyrate. Food intake, energy expenditure (EE), sympathetic-mediated EE changes by propranolol, body composition, gut microbiota and fecal and plasma metabolites were analyzed. : Microencapsulated propionate decreased caloric intake, weight and fat mass, while microencapsulated butyrate had modest effects. Non-encapsulated butyrate reduced intake and prevented weight gain beyond pair-fed controls. Microencapsulated propionate and non-encapsulated butyrate reduced respiratory quotient suggestive of a shift towards lipid utilization, and enhanced β-adrenergic-mediated EE. Microencapsulated propionate and butyrate altered alpha and beta diversity metrics, microencapsulated propionate increased , microencapsulated butyrate increased , and microencapsulated propionate and butyrate reduced . Microencapsulated propionate and butyrate increased fecal amino acids and altered select plasma metabolites; microencapsulated propionate increased fecal and plasma propionate, supporting distal gut delivery. : Dietary supplementation with microencapsulated propionate and butyrate improved energy balance, enhanced lipid utilization, beneficially modulated gut microbiota composition, and altered metabolite profiles in obese rats.
短链脂肪酸（SCFA），尤其是丙酸和丁酸，可减少食物摄入量、体重，并调节肠道微生物群组成。然而，尚不清楚丙酸和丁酸的包封是否能增强它们向远端肠道的递送，从而改善肥胖状态下的能量平衡和肠道微生物群组成。：我们确定了微囊化丙酸和丁酸对肥胖大鼠能量平衡、肠道微生物群和代谢物组成的影响。：在实验1中，给肥胖的雄性斯普拉格-道利大鼠喂食微囊化丙酸和丁酸（5-10%/）或对照高脂饮食。在实验2中，给肥胖大鼠喂食10%微囊化丙酸和丁酸、未包封的丁酸（10%/），并与未包封丁酸的大鼠进行配对喂养。分析食物摄入量、能量消耗（EE）、普萘洛尔介导的交感神经介导的EE变化、身体组成、肠道微生物群以及粪便和血浆代谢物。：微囊化丙酸降低了热量摄入、体重和脂肪量，而微囊化丁酸的作用较小。未包封的丁酸减少了摄入量，并防止体重超过配对喂养对照组。微囊化丙酸和未包封的丁酸降低了呼吸商，表明向脂质利用的转变，并增强了β-肾上腺素能介导的EE。微囊化丙酸和丁酸改变了α和β多样性指标，微囊化丙酸增加了，微囊化丁酸增加了，微囊化丙酸和丁酸减少了。微囊化丙酸和丁酸增加了粪便氨基酸并改变了选定的血浆代谢物；微囊化丙酸增加了粪便和血浆丙酸，支持向远端肠道的递送。：在肥胖大鼠中，饮食补充微囊化丙酸和丁酸可改善能量平衡，增强脂质利用，有益地调节肠道微生物群组成，并改变代谢物谱。
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