Ramos-Campo Domingo J, Rubio-Arias Jacobo Á, Freitas Tomás T, Camacho Arturo, Jiménez-Diaz José F, Alcaraz Pedro E
1Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; 2UCAM Research Center for High Performance, Murcia, Spain; and 3Laboratory of Physical Performance and Readaptation Injuries, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Apr;31(4):1040-1047. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001572.
Ramos-Campo, DJ, Rubio-Arias, JÁ, Freitas, TT, Camacho, A, Jiménez-Diaz, JF, and Alcaraz, PE. Acute physiological and performance responses to high-intensity resistance circuit training in hypoxic and normoxic conditions. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 1040-1047, 2017-The aim of this study was to analyze physical performance and physiological variables during high-intensity resistance circuit training (HRC) with the addition of 2 levels (moderate and high) of systemic hypoxia. Twelve resistance-trained young male subjects participated in the study. After a 6 repetition maximum testing session, participants performed 3 randomized trials of HRC: normoxia (NORM: fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2] = 0.21; ∼0 m altitude), moderate hypoxia (MH: FiO2 = 0.16; ∼2.100 m altitude), or high hypoxia (HH: FiO2 = 0.13; ∼3.800 m altitude), as controlled by a hypoxic generator. Bench press force, heart rate and heart rate variability, rating of perceived exertion, resting metabolic rate, energy cost, and countermovement jump were assessed in each session. Heart rate variability in HH was significantly lower (standard deviation of all normal NN intervals [intervals between two "normal" beats] = 111.9 vs. 86.7 milliseconds; standard deviation of the difference between consecutive NN intervals = 19.5 vs. 17.0 milliseconds; p ≤ 0.05) in comparison with NORM. There were significant differences in rating of perceived exertion between NORM and HH (11.6 vs. 13.8 points). Peak and mean force on the bench press were significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) in HH when compared with MH (peak: 725 vs. 488 N; mean: 574 vs. 373 N). Energy cost was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.01) in both hypoxic conditions compared with NORM (NORM: 10.4; MH: 11.7; HH: 13.3 kJ·min). There were no differences between conditions in heart rate and countermovement jump variables. These results indicate that hypoxic stimuli during HRC exercise alter physical performance and physiological variables and affect how strenuous the exercise is perceived to be. High-intensity resistance circuit training in hypoxia increases the stress on the performance and physiological responses, and these differences must be taken into account to avoid an excessive overload.
拉莫斯 - 坎波，DJ，鲁维奥 - 阿里亚斯，JÁ，弗雷塔斯，TT，卡马乔，A，希门尼斯 - 迪亚兹，JF，以及阿尔卡拉斯，PE。低氧和常氧条件下高强度抗阻循环训练的急性生理和运动表现反应。《力量与体能研究杂志》31(4): 1040 - 1047，2017年 - 本研究的目的是分析在添加2种水平（中度和高度）全身性低氧的高强度抗阻循环训练（HRC）过程中的运动表现和生理变量。12名经过抗阻训练的年轻男性受试者参与了本研究。在进行一次6次重复最大值测试后，参与者进行了3次随机的HRC试验：常氧（NORM：吸入氧分数[FiO2]=0.21；海拔约0米）、中度低氧（MH：FiO2 = 0.16；海拔约2100米）或高度低氧（HH：FiO2 = 0.13；海拔约3800米），由低氧发生器控制。每次训练都评估了卧推力量、心率和心率变异性、主观用力感觉评分、静息代谢率、能量消耗以及反向纵跳。与常氧相比，高度低氧时的心率变异性显著更低（所有正常NN间期[两个“正常”心跳之间的间期]的标准差 = 111.9对86.7毫秒；连续NN间期差值的标准差 = 19.5对17.0毫秒；p≤0.05）。常氧和高度低氧之间的主观用力感觉评分存在显著差异（11.6对13.8分）。与中度低氧相比，高度低氧时卧推的峰值和平均力量显著更低（p≤0.05）（峰值：725对488牛；平均：574对373牛）。与常氧相比，两种低氧条件下的能量消耗均显著更高（p≤0.01）（常氧：10.4；中度低氧：11.7；高度低氧：13.3千焦·分钟）。各条件下心率和反向纵跳变量没有差异。这些结果表明，HRC运动期间的低氧刺激会改变运动表现和生理变量，并影响对运动强度的感知。低氧环境下的高强度抗阻循环训练会增加对运动表现和生理反应的压力，必须考虑这些差异以避免过度负荷。
