Hovanitz C A, Chin K, Warm J S
Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45221.
J Behav Med. 1989 Feb;12(1):55-75. doi: 10.1007/BF00844749.
The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to evaluate the role of disregulation in tension headache and (2) to demonstrate how disregulation may lead to erroneous inferences about the etiological role of stress in tension headache. A headache group (N = 25; ages 18 to 30) and a control group (N = 25; ages 10 to 25) matched for sex and roughly equated for psychopathology and self-report life stress was selected after screening 1219 undergraduate students. Measures of self-reported acute stress and headache status, vigilance performance, frontalis EMG, and peripheral temperature were obtained. Both groups were assessed before, during, and after a stressful hour-long vigilance task. The results provide the frequently sought but rarely, if ever, obtained support for Schwartz's disregulation model. As disregulation was apparent with respect to both self-report acute stress and life stress, the results also suggest that reliance on self-report measures of life stress in studies of the physical outcomes of life stress may conceal the process by which life events results in physical dysfunction.
（1）评估调节紊乱在紧张性头痛中的作用；（2）证明调节紊乱如何导致对压力在紧张性头痛中的病因学作用的错误推断。在对1219名本科生进行筛查后，选取了一个头痛组（N = 25；年龄18至30岁）和一个对照组（N = 25；年龄10至25岁），两组在性别上匹配，且在精神病理学和自我报告的生活压力方面大致相当。获取了自我报告的急性压力和头痛状况、警觉表现、额肌肌电图以及外周温度的测量数据。两组在长达一小时的紧张警觉任务之前、期间和之后均接受了评估。研究结果为施瓦茨的调节紊乱模型提供了人们经常寻求但却很少（如果有的话）获得的支持。由于在自我报告的急性压力和生活压力方面调节紊乱都很明显，研究结果还表明，在生活压力对身体影响的研究中，依赖生活压力的自我报告测量方法可能会掩盖生活事件导致身体功能障碍的过程。
