Waller Diane L, Bartsch Michelle R, Fredricks Kim T, Bartsch Lynn A, Schleis Susan M, Lee Sheldon H
Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, US Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Department of Mathematics, Viterbo University, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2017 Mar;36(3):671-681. doi: 10.1002/etc.3567. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
Carbon dioxide (CO ) has shown promise as a tool to control movements of invasive Asian carp, but its effects on native freshwater biota have not been well studied. The authors evaluated lethal and sublethal responses of juvenile fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea) mussels to CO at levels (43-269 mg/L, mean concentration) that bracket concentrations effective for deterring carp movement. The 28-d lethal concentration to 50% of the mussels was 87.0 mg/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 78.4-95.9) and at 16-d postexposure, 76.0 mg/L (95% CI 62.9-90.3). A proportional hazards regression model predicted that juveniles could not survive CO concentrations >160 mg/L for more than 2 wk or >100 mg/L CO for more than 30 d. Mean shell growth was significantly lower for mussels that survived CO treatments. Growth during the postexposure period did not differ among treatments, indicating recovery of the mussels. Also, CO caused shell pitting and erosion. Behavioral effects of CO included movement of mussels to the substrate surface and narcotization at the highest concentrations. Mussels in the 110 mg/L mean CO treatment had the most movements in the first 3 d of exposure. If CO is infused continuously as a fish deterrent, concentrations <76 mg/L are recommended to prevent juvenile mussel mortality and shell damage. Mussels may survive and recover from brief exposure to higher concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:671-681. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
二氧化碳（CO₂）已显示出有望成为控制亚洲鲤鱼入侵活动的一种工具，但其对本地淡水生物群的影响尚未得到充分研究。作者评估了幼年肥桶蚌（Lampsilis siliquoidea）对CO₂的致死和亚致死反应，CO₂浓度范围（43 - 269毫克/升，平均浓度）涵盖了对阻止鲤鱼游动有效的浓度。对50%的蚌来说，28天的致死浓度为87.0毫克/升（95%置信区间[CI] 78.4 - 95.9），暴露16天后，致死浓度为76.0毫克/升（95% CI 62.9 - 90.3）。比例风险回归模型预测，幼蚌在CO₂浓度>160毫克/升的情况下，存活时间超过2周或在CO₂浓度>100毫克/升的情况下，存活时间超过30天是无法存活的。在CO₂处理后存活下来的蚌，其平均贝壳生长显著较低。暴露后期间的生长在各处理之间没有差异，表明蚌已恢复。此外，CO₂导致贝壳出现凹坑和侵蚀。CO₂的行为影响包括蚌向基质表面移动以及在最高浓度下出现麻醉现象。在平均CO₂浓度为110毫克/升处理组中的蚌，在暴露的前3天移动最为频繁。如果将CO₂作为鱼类驱避剂持续注入，则建议浓度<76毫克/升，以防止幼年蚌死亡和贝壳受损。蚌可能在短暂暴露于较高浓度后存活并恢复。《环境毒理学与化学》2017年；36:671 - 681。2016年由威利期刊公司代表环境毒理学与化学学会出版。本文是美国政府的作品，因此在美国属于公共领域。
