Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald-Stewart Building MS1-027, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
Department of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, 39 Cox Road, PO Box 550, Truro, Nova Scotia, B2N 5E3, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2017 Feb 5;323(Pt A):203-211. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.022. Epub 2016 Jul 7.
Triclosan (TCS) is a ubiquitous contaminant in municipal biosolids, which has also been detected in soils and earthworms sampled from agricultural fields amended with biosolids. The goal of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of TCS to earthworms using a metabolomics-based approach for an improved interpretation of toxicity. Toxicity of TCS was assessed using the OECD Method 207 filter paper contact test measuring the endpoints of weight loss, mortality, and ten metabolites determined by GC-MS. Eight earthworms were exposed as individual replicates to six concentrations of triclosan (0, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1mg TCS cm) on filter paper, with mortality assessed after 6, 24 and 48h. Mortalities were first observed at 24h, with 100% mortality in the 1 and 0.1mgcm treatments. Worms at 1mgcm lost most of their coelomic fluid before they could be sampled. The 48h LC for triclosan was estimated to be 0.006 and 0.008mgcm by a linear and logistic model, respectively. Based on the LC, triclosan is relatively more toxic to earthworms than a number of other emerging contaminants, but is less toxic than other chlorophenols and many pesticides. Alanine, valine, leucine, serine, phenylalanine, putrescine, spermidine, mannitol, and inositol were significantly different between treatments, although changes were most often associated with mortality rather than triclosan exposure. An increase in putrescine and decrease in amino acids, polyols, and spermidine were associated with mortality, suggesting decomposition had begun. Principal components analysis did not reveal evidence of metabolic impacts at sub-lethal concentrations. However, there were changes in the pattern of correlations between metabolite pairs in surviving worms at both 0.0001 and 0.001mgcm exposure compared to the control.
三氯生（TCS）是城市生物固体中普遍存在的污染物，也已在农业土壤和用生物固体改良的蚯蚓中检测到。本研究的目的是使用基于代谢组学的方法评估 TCS 对蚯蚓的毒性，以提高毒性解释的准确性。使用 OECD 方法 207 滤纸接触试验评估 TCS 的毒性，该试验测量了体重减轻、死亡率和通过 GC-MS 测定的 10 种代谢物的终点。8 条蚯蚓作为单独的重复暴露在 6 个浓度的三氯生（0、0.0001、0.001、0.01、0.1 和 1mg TCS cm）的滤纸上，6、24 和 48 小时后评估死亡率。24 小时后首次观察到死亡率，在 1 和 0.1mgcm 处理中死亡率为 100%。在 1mgcm 的蠕虫在可以采样之前失去了大部分体腔液。线性和逻辑模型分别估计三氯生的 48 小时 LC 为 0.006 和 0.008mgcm。根据 LC，三氯生对蚯蚓的毒性比许多其他新兴污染物相对更高，但比其他氯酚和许多杀虫剂毒性更低。丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、丝氨酸、苯丙氨酸、腐胺、亚精胺、甘露醇和肌醇在处理之间存在显著差异，尽管变化通常与死亡率而不是三氯生暴露相关。腐胺增加和氨基酸、多元醇和亚精胺减少与死亡率相关，表明已经开始分解。主成分分析未显示在亚致死浓度下存在代谢影响的证据。然而，与对照相比，在 0.0001 和 0.001mgcm 暴露下存活的蚯蚓中，代谢物对之间的关联模式发生了变化。
