Martini J, Knappe S, Garthus-Niegel S, Hoyer J
Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden.
Institut für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität Dresden.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2016 Jul;84(7):432-49. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-110838. Epub 2016 Jul 29.
Epidemiological studies indicate sex-specific differences in prevalence rates and the natural course of mental disorders. Affective, anxiety, somatoform and eating disorders are more prevalent in women than men, whereas substance use disorders occur more commonly in men, and some disorders are equally distributed in both sexes (e. g. psychotic disorders). The aim of this review is to depict the natural course of mental disorders during the reproductive stages (premenstrual phases, peripartum period, perimenopause) in women, including also neuroendocrine features associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, puerperium and perimenopause. Recommendations for sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are provided.
流行病学研究表明，精神障碍的患病率及自然病程存在性别差异。情感障碍、焦虑障碍、躯体形式障碍和进食障碍在女性中比男性更为普遍，而物质使用障碍在男性中更为常见，还有一些障碍在两性中分布均等（例如精神障碍）。本综述的目的是描述女性生殖阶段（经前期、围产期、围绝经期）精神障碍的自然病程，包括与月经周期、妊娠、产褥期和围绝经期相关的神经内分泌特征。文中还提供了针对不同性别的诊断和治疗程序的建议。
