Machado Vanessa Schopf, Bottari Nathieli B, Baldissera Matheus D, Rech Virginia C, Ianiski Francine R, Signor Cristiane, Rubin Maribel A, Waczuk Emily P, Schwertz Claiton I, Mendes Ricardo E, Camillo Giovana, Vogel Fernanda F, de la Rue Mario L, Morsch Vera M, Schetinger Maria Rosa C, Frühauf Pâmella K S, Da Silva Aleksandro S
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry and Toxicology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry and Toxicology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Exp Parasitol. 2016 Oct;169:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.07.006. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous administration of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 on animal behavior and activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), adenylate kinase (AK), and creatine kinase (CK) in the brain of mice infected by Toxoplasma gondii. In addition, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels and glutathione (GR, GPx and GST) activity were also evaluated. For the study, 40 female mice were divided into four groups of 10 animals each: group A (uninfected and untreated), group B (uninfected and treated with (PhSe)2), group C (infected and untreated) and group D (infected and treated with (PhSe)2). The mice were inoculated with 50 cysts of the ME49 strain of T. gondii. After infection the animals of the groups B and D were treated on days 1 and 20 post-infection (PI) with 5.0 μmol/kg of (PhSe)2 subcutaneously. Behavioral tests were conducted on days 29 PI to assess memory loss (object recognition), anxiety (elevated plus maze), locomotor and exploratory activity (Open Field) and it was found out that infected and untreated animals (group C) had developed anxiety and memory impairment, and the (PhSe)2 treatment did not reverse these behavioral changes on infected animals treated with (PhSe)2 (group D). The results showed an increase on AChE activity (P < 0.01) in the brain of infected and untreated animals (group C) compared to the uninfected and untreated animals (group A). The AK and CK activities decreased in infected and untreated animals (group C) compared to the uninfected and untreated animals (group A) (P < 0.01), however the (PhSe)2 treatment did not reverse these alterations. Infected and untreated animals (group C) showed increased TBARS levels and GR activity, and decreased GPx and GST activities when compared to uninfected and untreated animals (group A). Infected animals treated with (PhSe)2 (group D) decreased TBARS levels and GR activity, while increased GST activity when compared to infected and untreated animals (group C). It was concluded that (PhSe)2 showed antioxidant activity, but the dose used had no anti-inflammatory effect and failed to reverse the behavioral changes caused by the parasite.
本研究的目的是评估皮下注射二苯基二硒化物（PhSe）₂对感染刚地弓形虫的小鼠的行为以及大脑中乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、腺苷酸激酶（AK）和肌酸激酶（CK）活性的影响。此外，还评估了硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）水平和谷胱甘肽（GR、GPx和GST）活性。在该研究中，40只雌性小鼠被分为四组，每组10只动物：A组（未感染且未处理）、B组（未感染且用（PhSe）₂处理）、C组（感染且未处理）和D组（感染且用（PhSe）₂处理）。小鼠接种了50个刚地弓形虫ME49株的包囊。感染后，B组和D组的动物在感染后第1天和第20天皮下注射5.0 μmol/kg的（PhSe）₂。在感染后第29天进行行为测试，以评估记忆丧失（物体识别）、焦虑（高架十字迷宫）、运动和探索活动（旷场试验），结果发现感染且未处理的动物（C组）出现了焦虑和记忆障碍，并且（PhSe）₂处理并未逆转用（PhSe）₂处理的感染动物（D组）的这些行为变化。结果显示，与未感染且未处理的动物（A组）相比，感染且未处理的动物（C组）大脑中的AChE活性增加（P < 0.01）。与未感染且未处理的动物（A组）相比，感染且未处理的动物（C组）的AK和CK活性降低（P < 0.01），然而（PhSe）₂处理并未逆转这些改变。与未感染且未处理的动物（A组）相比，感染且未处理的动物（C组）的TBARS水平和GR活性增加，而GPx和GST活性降低。与感染且未处理的动物（C组）相比，用（PhSe）₂处理的感染动物（D组）的TBARS水平和GR活性降低，而GST活性增加。得出的结论是，（PhSe）₂具有抗氧化活性，但所用剂量没有抗炎作用，并且未能逆转由寄生虫引起的行为变化。
