Zahorik Pavel, Brandewie Eugene J
Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Disorders, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Jul;140(1):74. doi: 10.1121/1.4954723.
There is now converging evidence that a brief period of prior listening exposure to a reverberant room can influence speech understanding in that environment. Although the effect appears to depend critically on the amplitude modulation characteristic of the speech signal reaching the ear, the extent to which the effect may be influenced by room acoustics has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study seeks to fill this gap in knowledge by testing the effect of prior listening exposure or listening context on speech understanding in five different simulated sound fields, ranging from anechoic space to a room with broadband reverberation time (T60) of approximately 3 s. Although substantial individual variability in the effect was observed and quantified, the context effect was, on average, strongly room dependent. At threshold, the effect was minimal in anechoic space, increased to a maximum of 3 dB on average in moderate reverberation (T60 = 1 s), and returned to minimal levels again in high reverberation. This interaction suggests that the functional effects of prior listening exposure may be limited to sound fields with moderate reverberation (0.4 ≤ T60 ≤ 1 s).
目前有越来越多的证据表明，事先在混响环境中短暂聆听可以影响在该环境下的言语理解。尽管这种影响似乎主要取决于到达耳朵的语音信号的幅度调制特性，但这种影响受房间声学特性影响的程度尚未得到充分评估。本研究旨在通过测试事先聆听暴露或聆听环境对五种不同模拟声场中言语理解的影响来填补这一知识空白，这五种声场从消声空间到宽带混响时间（T60）约为3秒的房间。尽管观察并量化了该影响中存在的显著个体差异，但平均而言，情境效应强烈依赖于房间。在阈值处，在消声空间中该影响最小，在中等混响（T60 = 1秒）时平均增加到最大3分贝，在高混响时又回到最小水平。这种相互作用表明，事先聆听暴露的功能效应可能仅限于中等混响（0.4≤T60≤1秒）的声场。
