Szcześniak K A, Ciecierska A, Ostaszewski P, Sadkowski T
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Genes Nutr. 2016 Mar 17;11:5. doi: 10.1186/s12263-016-0523-5. eCollection 2016.
Adult skeletal muscle myogenesis depends on the activation of satellite cells that have the potential to differentiate into new fibers. Gamma-oryzanol (GO), a commercially available nutriactive phytochemical, has gained global interest on account of its muscle-building and regenerating effects. Here, we investigated GO for its potential influence on myogenesis, using equine satellite cell culture model, since the horse is a unique animal, bred and exercised for competitive sport. To our knowledge, this is the first report where the global gene expression in cultured equine satellite cells has been described.
Equine satellite cells were isolated from semitendinosus muscle and cultured until the second day of differentiation. Differentiating cells were incubated with GO for the next 24 h. Subsequently, total RNA from GO-treated and control cells was isolated, amplified, labeled, and hybridized to two-color Horse Gene Expression Microarray slides. Quantitative PCR was used for the validation of microarray data.
Our results revealed 58 genes with changed expression in GO-treated vs. control cells. Analysis of expression changes suggests that various processes are reinforced by GO in differentiating equine satellite cells, including inhibition of myoblast differentiation, increased proliferation and differentiation, stress response, and increased myogenic lineage commitment.
The present study may confirm putative muscle-enhancing abilities of GO; however, the collective role of GO in skeletal myogenesis remains equivocal. The diversity of these changes is likely due to heterogenous growth rate of cells in primary culture. Genes identified in our study, modulated by the presence of GO, may become potential targets of future research investigating impact of this supplement in skeletal muscle on proteomic and biochemical level.
成体骨骼肌的肌生成依赖于卫星细胞的激活，卫星细胞具有分化为新纤维的潜力。γ-谷维素（GO）是一种可商业化获得的营养植物化学物质，因其对肌肉的增强和再生作用而受到全球关注。在此，我们使用马卫星细胞培养模型研究了GO对肌生成的潜在影响，因为马是一种独特的动物，为竞技运动而饲养和训练。据我们所知，这是第一份描述培养的马卫星细胞中全球基因表达的报告。
从半腱肌中分离出马卫星细胞并培养至分化的第二天。在接下来的24小时内，将分化中的细胞与GO一起孵育。随后，从经GO处理的细胞和对照细胞中分离、扩增、标记总RNA，并与双色马基因表达微阵列玻片杂交。使用定量PCR验证微阵列数据。
我们的结果显示，在经GO处理的细胞与对照细胞中，有58个基因的表达发生了变化。对表达变化的分析表明，GO在分化的马卫星细胞中增强了各种过程，包括抑制成肌细胞分化、增加增殖和分化、应激反应以及增加肌源性谱系定向。
本研究可能证实了GO假定的增强肌肉的能力；然而，GO在骨骼肌生成中的总体作用仍不明确。这些变化的多样性可能是由于原代培养中细胞的异质生长速率所致。在我们的研究中鉴定出的受GO存在调节的基因，可能成为未来研究该补充剂对骨骼肌蛋白质组学和生化水平影响的潜在靶点。
