Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive Unit 42, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Sep;18(9):86. doi: 10.1007/s11920-016-0716-z.
Adverse childhood experiences are associated with higher risk for suicide and suicidal behavior later in life. There are known associations between childhood trauma, particularly sexual abuse, and higher rates of suicide, non-lethal suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescence and adulthood. Emotional abuse/neglect, disrupted parental attachment, and cumulative effect of multiple forms of maltreatment, also increase risk. Yet, the causal relationship remains unclear. The diathesis-stress model provides a framework for understanding how early life adverse experiences contribute to suicide vulnerability. Current findings from the fields of biology, neurology, and genetics shed new light on mediating variables and possible causal links between early childhood trauma and suicide. In this paper, we review recent advances, particularly regarding the interaction of early life environmental adverse events with genetics factors, that increase the diathesis for psychological traits are associated with subsequent deliberate self-harm behaviors.
不良的童年经历与晚年更高的自杀风险和自杀行为有关。已知儿童创伤，特别是性虐待，与青少年和成年期更高的自杀率、非致命性自杀企图和非自杀性自我伤害行为之间存在关联。情感虐待/忽视、父母依恋关系中断，以及多种形式的虐待的累积效应，也会增加风险。然而，因果关系仍不清楚。素质-应激模型为理解早期生活中的不良经历如何导致自杀脆弱性提供了一个框架。生物学、神经科学和遗传学领域的当前研究结果为理解早期儿童创伤与自杀之间的中介变量和可能的因果关系提供了新的视角。在本文中，我们回顾了最近的进展，特别是关于早期生活环境不良事件与遗传因素相互作用的研究，这些研究增加了与随后的故意自我伤害行为相关的心理特征的素质。
