Division for Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Division for Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Oct;69:89-112. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.032. Epub 2016 Jul 30.
The concept of affordances indicates "action possibilities" as characterized by object properties the environment provides to interacting organisms. Affordances relate to both perception and action and refer to sensory-motor processes emerging from goal-directed object interaction. In contrast to stable properties, affordances may vary with environmental context. A sub-classification into stable and variable affordances was proposed in the framework of the ROSSI project (Borghi et al., 2010; Borghi and Riggio, 2015, 2009). Here, we present a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional imaging studies on object interaction targeting consistent anatomical correlates of these different types of affordances. Our review revealed the existence of two parallel (but to some extent overlapping) functional pathways. The network for stable affordances consists of predominantly left inferior parietal and frontal cortices in the ventro-dorsal stream, whereas the network for variable affordances is localized preferentially in the dorso-dorsal stream. This is in line with the proposal of differentiated affordances: stable affordances are characterized by the knowledge of invariant object features, whereas variable affordances underlie adaptation to changing object properties.
可供性的概念表明，“行动可能性”是由环境为相互作用的生物体提供的物体属性所决定的。可供性与感知和行动有关，指的是从目标导向的物体相互作用中产生的感觉运动过程。与稳定的属性不同，可供性可能因环境背景而异。在 ROSSI 项目（Borghi 等人，2010 年；Borghi 和 Riggio，2015 年，2009 年）的框架中，提出了对稳定和可变可供性的分类。在这里，我们对针对这些不同类型可供性的一致解剖学相关性的物体相互作用的功能成像研究进行了基于坐标的荟萃分析。我们的综述揭示了两个平行（但在某种程度上重叠）的功能途径的存在。稳定可供性的网络主要由腹侧-背侧流中的左顶下和额皮质组成，而可变可供性的网络主要位于背侧-背侧流中。这与分化可供性的建议一致：稳定可供性的特征是对不变物体特征的了解，而可变可供性则是适应不断变化的物体属性的基础。
