Fisher Kathleen, Hardie Thomas L, Ranjan Sobhana, Peterson Justin
Drexel University, USA.
University of Pennsylvania, USA.
J Intellect Disabil. 2017 Dec;21(4):387-400. doi: 10.1177/1744629516660417. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
US surveys report higher prevalence of obesity in adults with intellectual disability. Health records of 40 adults with intellectual disability were retrospectively reviewed for data on health status, problem lists with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, medication lists, and health encounters over 18 months. Mean age was 49.5 years, 53% were males. Prevalence of overweight, obese, and morbidly obese was 28%, 58%, and 23%, respectively. Primary diagnosis was intellectual disability (50% mild, 33% moderate, 10% severe, and 8% profound), 85% had mental health disorders (67.5% with affective or mood and 42.5% had anxiety disorders). On average, residents consumed 2.63 psychotropic medications daily with additional 5.75 medications for axis 3 diagnoses and made 39.2 health visits over past 18 months. Our analysis supports increased prevalence of overweight/obesity, higher comorbidities, dual psychiatric diagnosis, substantial medication consumption, and higher utilization of health-care services in adults with intellectual disabilities. Targeted health interventions are therefore essential to improve their health and quality of life.
美国的调查显示，智障成年人中肥胖的患病率更高。我们回顾性分析了40名智障成年人的健康记录，以获取其健康状况、带有国际疾病分类第九版编码的问题清单、用药清单以及18个月内的医疗接触情况等数据。平均年龄为49.5岁，53%为男性。超重、肥胖和病态肥胖的患病率分别为28%、58%和23%。主要诊断为智力残疾（50%为轻度，33%为中度，10%为重度，8%为极重度），85%患有精神健康障碍（67.5%患有情感或情绪障碍，42.5%患有焦虑症）。居民平均每天服用2.63种精神药物，另外针对第三轴诊断还服用5.75种药物，在过去18个月内进行了39.2次医疗就诊。我们的分析支持了智障成年人中超重/肥胖患病率增加、合并症更多、双重精神诊断、大量用药以及更高的医疗服务利用率。因此，有针对性的健康干预对于改善他们的健康和生活质量至关重要。
