Mori A, Ueda K, Lee P, Oda H, Ishioka K, Sako T
Pol J Vet Sci. 2016;19(2):387-91. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0048.
Carbohydrate is an important source of energy, which can significantly affect postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels in cats. In healthy animals, this is not a big concern; however, in obese and diabetic animals, this is an important detail. In the present study, the impact of four different carbohydrate sources (glucose, maltose, corn starch, and trehalose) on short-term post-prandial serum glucose, insulin, and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations was investigated with four obese cats. Each of the carbohydrate sources was added to a commercial wet food diet for feeding the animals. A significant difference was observed in postprandial glucose, insulin, and NEFA area under the curve (AUC) values between each carbohydrate source in obese cats. Furthermore, glucose and maltose induced the highest postprandial glucose and insulin AUC values, whereas trehalose induced the lowest postprandial glucose and insulin AUC value amongst all carbohydrate sources, respectively, in obese cats. However, trehalose has a higher risk of inducing side effects, such as diarrhea, as compared to other carbohydrate sources. As such, different carbohydrate sources appear to have a very significant impact on post-prandial glycemia and subsequent insulin requirement levels in obese cats. These results might be useful when selecting a prescription diet for obese or diabetic cats. In addition, maltose appears to be capable of inducing experimentally evoked postprandial hyperglycemia in obese cats, which may serve as a good tool for use to check the impact and effectiveness of newly developed oral hypoglycemic drugs or supplements for cats in future experiments.
碳水化合物是重要的能量来源，可显著影响猫餐后的血糖和胰岛素水平。在健康动物中，这并非大问题；然而，在肥胖和糖尿病动物中，这是一个重要细节。在本研究中，用四只肥胖猫研究了四种不同碳水化合物来源（葡萄糖、麦芽糖、玉米淀粉和海藻糖）对短期餐后血清葡萄糖、胰岛素和非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）浓度的影响。将每种碳水化合物来源添加到商业湿粮饮食中以喂养动物。在肥胖猫中，观察到每种碳水化合物来源之间餐后葡萄糖、胰岛素和曲线下面积（AUC）值的NEFA存在显著差异。此外，在肥胖猫中，葡萄糖和麦芽糖分别诱导出最高的餐后葡萄糖和胰岛素AUC值，而海藻糖诱导出所有碳水化合物来源中最低的餐后葡萄糖和胰岛素AUC值。然而，与其他碳水化合物来源相比，海藻糖有更高的诱发副作用（如腹泻）的风险。因此，不同的碳水化合物来源似乎对肥胖猫的餐后血糖和随后的胰岛素需求水平有非常显著的影响。这些结果在为肥胖或糖尿病猫选择处方饮食时可能有用。此外，麦芽糖似乎能够在肥胖猫中诱发实验性餐后高血糖，这可能成为未来实验中用于检查新开发的猫用口服降糖药物或补充剂的影响和有效性的良好工具。
