Mood Carina, Jonsson Jan O
Institute for Futures Studies (IFFS), Stockholm, 11136 Sweden ; Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm, Sweden.
Institute for Futures Studies (IFFS), Stockholm, 11136 Sweden ; Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm, Sweden ; Nuffield College, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 1NF UK.
Child Indic Res. 2016;9:825-854. doi: 10.1007/s12187-015-9337-z. Epub 2015 Sep 23.
We use several family-based indicators of household poverty as well as child-reported economic resources and problems to unravel child poverty trends in Sweden. Our results show that absolute (bread-line) household income poverty, as well as economic deprivation, increased with the recession 1991-96, then reduced and has remained largely unchanged since 2006. Relative income poverty has however increased since the mid-1990s. When we measure child poverty by young people's own reports, we find few trends between 2000 and 2011. The material conditions appear to have improved and relative poverty has changed very little if at all, contrasting the development of household relative poverty. This contradictory pattern may be a consequence of poor parents distributing relatively more of the household income to their children in times of economic duress, but future studies should scrutinze potentially delayed negative consequences as poor children are lagging behind their non-poor peers. Our methodological conclusion is that although parental and child reports are partly substitutable, they are also complementary, and the simultaneous reporting of different measures is crucial to get a full understanding of trends in child poverty.
我们使用了几个基于家庭的家庭贫困指标以及儿童报告的经济资源和问题，来梳理瑞典儿童贫困的趋势。我们的结果表明，绝对（维持生计水平）家庭收入贫困以及经济匮乏在1991 - 1996年衰退期间有所增加，随后减少，自2006年以来基本保持不变。然而，相对收入贫困自20世纪90年代中期以来有所增加。当我们根据年轻人自己的报告来衡量儿童贫困时，我们发现在2000年至2011年期间几乎没有什么趋势。物质条件似乎有所改善，相对贫困即使有变化也非常小，这与家庭相对贫困的发展形成对比。这种矛盾的模式可能是由于贫困父母在经济困难时期将相对更多的家庭收入分配给了他们的孩子，但未来的研究应该仔细审查可能存在的延迟负面后果，因为贫困儿童落后于非贫困同龄人。我们的方法学结论是，虽然父母和儿童的报告部分可相互替代，但它们也是互补的，同时报告不同的衡量标准对于全面了解儿童贫困趋势至关重要。
