Bejan Adrian
Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science , Durham, NC, USA.
Commun Integr Biol. 2016 May 9;9(3):e1172159. doi: 10.1080/19420889.2016.1172159. eCollection 2016 May-Jun.
What is evolution and why does it exist in the biological, geophysical and technological realms - in short, everywhere? Why is there a time direction - a time arrow - in the changes we know are happening every moment and everywhere? Why is the present different than the past? These are questions of physics, about everything, not just biology. The answer is that nothing lives, flows and moves unless it is driven by power. Physics sheds light on the natural engines that produce the power destroyed by the flows, and on the free morphing that leads to flow architectures naturally and universally. There is a unifying tendency across all domains to evolve into flow configurations that provide greater access for movement. This tendency is expressed as the constructal law of evolutionary flow organization everywhere. Here I illustrate how this law of physics accounts for and unites the life and evolution phenomena throughout nature, animate and inanimate.
什么是进化?为什么它存在于生物、地球物理和技术领域——简而言之,无处不在?为什么在我们知道每时每刻都在各处发生的变化中存在一个时间方向——一个时间箭头?为什么现在与过去不同?这些是关于万物的物理学问题,而不仅仅是生物学问题。答案是,除非受到动力驱动,否则没有什么能够生存、流动和移动。物理学揭示了产生被流动所消耗的动力的自然引擎,以及导致自然且普遍的流动结构的自由变形。所有领域都有一种统一的趋势,即演变成能为运动提供更多通道的流动形态。这种趋势在各处都表现为进化流动组织的构造定律。在此我将说明这条物理定律如何解释并统一自然界中生物与非生物的生命和进化现象。